Antivirals Flashcards
Tropism of viral hepatitis
Liver hepatocytes
Treatment for Hep B
tenofovir- goal is to 100% cure
MOA tenofovir
Nucleotide analogue
Hep C treatment
Ribavirin- purine analogue
Boceprevir- PI
Important steps in life cycle of HIV
Attachment and entry- viral membrane proteins interact with leukocyte membrane receptors- then is endocytosis of viral capsid
Replication and integration- within cytoplasm reverse transcriptase converts RNA to DNA which is transported to nucleus and integrated into host DNA
Assembly and release-host cell machinery used to produce viral RNA and essential proteins
These proteins are assembled and mature virion is released
How does HIV attach to leukocyte
Viral GP120 binds to CD4 receptor and also CCR5 or CXCR4 as a co-receptor
How does HIV enter cell
GP41 penetrates cell membrane and viral capsid enters
2 drugs used to treat HIV cel entry
Enfuvirtide- binds to HIV GP41 transmembrane glycoprotein
Maraviroc- blocks CCR5
Reverse transcription of HIV RNA
Viral single-stranded RNA-> double stranded DNA by reverse transcriptase
3 drugs used to treat HiIV replication
Zidovudine- nucleoside RT inhibitor
Tenofovir- nucleotide RT inhibitor
Efavirenz- inhibts enzyme directly witout being incorporated into viral DNA
Role of viral integrase
Inserts viral DNA into host DNA
Drug that inhibits integrase
Raltegravir
Difference between zidovudine and tenofovir to efavirenz
Zidovudine and tenofovir require phosphorylation unlike efavirenz
Zidovudine> tenofovir in terms of phosphorylation required
What is gag precursor
Encodes all viral structural proteins
What is role of HIV protease
Cleaves Gag precursor protein
