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Pharmacology Exam 1 > Antivirals > Flashcards

Antivirals Flashcards

1
Q

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)

A 
PO
Neuraminidase Inhibitor
Flu A/B
Well tolerated
SE: n/v
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2
Q

Zanamivir (Relenza)

A

Inhalation
Neuraminidase Inhibitor
Flu A/B, kids > 5 yrs old
SE: bronchospasm

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3
Q

Oseltamivir and Zanamivir MOA

A

prevents infected cells from allowing virus to leave cell to infect another cell

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4
Q

Acyclovir (Zovirax)

A

PO/Top/IV
HSV 5x day x 10 days
shingles 5x day x 7-10 days
chickenpox QID x 5 days

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5
Q

Antivirals (most) MOA

A

inhibits DNA polymerase

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6
Q

Famciclovir (Famvir)

A

PO BID-TID
HSV, shingles, chickenpox
*Not as effective as Acyclovir
Prodrug of Penciclovir

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7
Q

Valacyclovir (Valtrex)

A

PO BID x 7-10 days
cold sores
Prodrug of Acyclovir

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8
Q

Penciclovir (Denavir)

A

Top (cream) q 2hrs x 4 days

cold sores

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9
Q

DOC HSV, Shingles and Chickenpox

A

Acyclovir

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10
Q

Ganciclovir (Cytovene; Vitrasert)

A

PO (+food)/IV(slow)/Eye implant
CMV retinitis (100 times greater activity than Acyclovir) - IV q 12 hrs x 14-21 days then qd x 5-7 days
SE: N/V/D, neutropenia

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11
Q

Valganciclovir (Valcyte)

A

PO BID x 21 days then QD
CMV retinitis
Preg C; Lact L3
Prodrug of Ganciclovir

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12
Q

Foscarnet (Foscavir)

A

IV TID x 14-21 days
Ganciclovir/Acyclovir resistant HSV, CMV, VZV (last resort!)
SE: hypoCa, hypoMg, seizures, arrythmias, nephrotoxic
Hard to tolerate!
Preg C; Lact L4

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13
Q

Ribavirin (Copegus, Rebetol, Virazole)

A

PO BID x 24-48 weeks (weight based dosing)
Only Chronic Hep C and Severe RSV (bronchiolitis)
SE: hemolytic anemia, bronchospasms
Avoid if CrCl<50
Preg X: Lact L4

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14
Q

Renal considerations for antivirals that treat HSV, CMV, Varicella

A

All require renal dosing except Penciclovir.

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15
Q

What antivirals can be given IV?

A

Acyclovir, ganciclovir and foscarnet

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16
Q

Topicals for cold sores

A

Acyclovir (Zovirax), abreva OTC - penciclivir (denovir)

17
Q

Cold sore - OTC

18
Q

Cold sore - topical rx

A

Penciclovir (denavir)

19
Q

HSV

A

Acyclovir (Zovirax)

Alt. Famciclovir

20
Q

HSV - suppressive therapy

A

Acyclovir (Zovirax)

21
Q

Herpes Zoster

A

Acyclovir (Zovirax)

Alt. Famciclovir

22
Q

Chicken pox

A

Acyclovir (Zovirax)

Alt. Famciclovir

23
Q

Acyclovir resistant HSV

A

Foscarnet (Foscavir)

24
Q

Ganciclovir resistant CMV

A

Foscarnet (Foscavir)

25
Q

CMV retinitis

A

Ganciclovir or valganciclovir

26
Q

Chronic hepatitis

27
Q

Severe RSV (bronchiolitis)

Pharmacology Exam 1 (19 decks)

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