Antisocial & Prosocial Behaviour

Question 1

What is anitsocial behaviour?

Answer 1

Any intentional behaviour that is disruptive or harmful to the wellbeing or property of another person group or society. Usually involves actions that break laws, rules or social norms

Question 2

What 5 factors influence antisocial behaviour?

Answer 2

• Diffusion of responsibility
• Audience inhibition
• Social influence
• Cost-benifit analysis
• Groupthink

Question 3

What is diffusion of responsibility?

Answer 3

When an individual is less likely to take on responsibility in a group setting.

Question 4

What is audience inhibition?

Answer 4

When the presence of other bystanders makes a potential helper fell self-conscious and inhibits helping behaviour. People hesitate as they are afraid that others will judge them if they do something wrong.

Question 5

What is social influence in relation to antisocial behaviour?

Answer 5

When we look to others to regulate how we act in a situation

Question 6

What is cost-benifit analysis?

Answer 6

When a social situation requires an action, we weigh up the effort (cost) needed to put in with the outcome (benifit), and if the effort is not worth the outcome we won’t act

Question 7

What is groupthink?

Answer 7

When conforming to a group leads to irrational or dysfunctional outcomes. When individuals make decisions based on maintaining group harmony rather than analysing the situation from an outside perspective

Question 8

Explain the bystander effect. What is it coused by?

Answer 8

When more people are present, the less likely we are to help a person in distress. Caused by the 5 factors influencing antisocial behaviour:
- Diffusion of responsibility
- Audience inhibition
- Social influence
- Cost-benifit analysis
- Groupthink

Question 9

What study tested group inhibition in emergencies?

Answer 9

Smoke filled room - Latane & Darley

Question 10

What was the aim of the smoke filled room?

Answer 10

To see if people are less likely to act in an emergency when others are present

Question 11

What was the procedure of the smoke filled room?

Answer 11

• Participants are sitting in a room
• They would either be sitting alone, with 2 other participants, or with 2 actors
• Smoke began to fill the room

Question 12

What were the results of the smoke filled room?

Answer 12

• When participants were alone, 75% reported the smoke to the experimenters
• When there were 2 other participants, 38% reported the smoke
• When there were the 2 actors (ignoring the smoke), 10% reported the smoke

Question 13

What contribution did the smoke filled room have to psychology?

Answer 13

Sheds light on group behaviours in uncomfortable situations

Question 14

Definition of bullying

Answer 14

An ongoing or repeated misuse of power in relationships with the intention to cause deliberate psycological harm

Question 15

Name 3 effects of bullying

Answer 15

• Trouble sleeping
• Loss of appetite
• Negative self image
  (any others)

Question 16

Name 3 common reasons for bullying

Answer 16

• To gain a sense of power as a result of lacking power (usually at home)
• A way of forcing people to be their friends as they lack the skills to do so normally
• In relation to others being more popular than them, it comes from a place of insecurity and social anxiety

Question 17

What is prosocial behaviour?

Answer 17

Voluntary behaviour that occurs for the benifit of others

Question 18

What are 4 factors that influence pro-social behaviour?

Answer 18

• Reciprocity principle
• Social responsibility
• Personal characteristics
• Altruism

Question 19

What is the reciprocity principle?

Answer 19

An unwritten rule that we should give what we expect to recieve, and the expectation the favours are returned.

Question 20

What is social responsibility?

Answer 20

The belief that we should help those in need because it is the right thing to do

Question 21

What are the 3 personal factors that influence pro-social behaviour?

Answer 21

• Empathy
• Mood
• Competence

Question 22

What is empathy and how does it influence pro-social behaviour?

Answer 22

Empathy is how relatable a situation is. If people can relate to the person or have had similar experiences, they are more likely to help

Question 23

What is mood and how does it influence pro-social behaviour?

Answer 23

Mood is how positive someone is feeling at the time. People are more likely to help if they are in a good mood

Question 24

What is competence and how does it influence pro-social behaviour?

Answer 24

How able someone is to help. If someone has the capabilities to help, it will change whether they volunteer or not

Question 25

What is altruism?

Answer 25

To help others completely selflessly. Focused on thew well-being and benifit of others without any thought of personal gain or reward, that can sometimes occur at great personal cost.