Antisocial & Prosocial Behaviour Flashcards
What is anitsocial behaviour?
Any intentional behaviour that is disruptive or harmful to the wellbeing or property of another person group or society. Usually involves actions that break laws, rules or social norms
What 5 factors influence antisocial behaviour?
- Diffusion of responsibility
- Audience inhibition
- Social influence
- Cost-benifit analysis
- Groupthink
What is diffusion of responsibility?
When an individual is less likely to take on responsibility in a group setting.
What is audience inhibition?
When the presence of other bystanders makes a potential helper fell self-conscious and inhibits helping behaviour. People hesitate as they are afraid that others will judge them if they do something wrong.
What is social influence in relation to antisocial behaviour?
When we look to others to regulate how we act in a situation
What is cost-benifit analysis?
When a social situation requires an action, we weigh up the effort (cost) needed to put in with the outcome (benifit), and if the effort is not worth the outcome we won’t act
What is groupthink?
When conforming to a group leads to irrational or dysfunctional outcomes. When individuals make decisions based on maintaining group harmony rather than analysing the situation from an outside perspective
Explain the bystander effect. What is it coused by?
When more people are present, the less likely we are to help a person in distress. Caused by the 5 factors influencing antisocial behaviour:
- Diffusion of responsibility
- Audience inhibition
- Social influence
- Cost-benifit analysis
- Groupthink
What study tested group inhibition in emergencies?
Smoke filled room - Latane & Darley
What was the aim of the smoke filled room?
To see if people are less likely to act in an emergency when others are present
What was the procedure of the smoke filled room?
- Participants are sitting in a room
- They would either be sitting alone, with 2 other participants, or with 2 actors
- Smoke began to fill the room
What were the results of the smoke filled room?
- When participants were alone, 75% reported the smoke to the experimenters
- When there were 2 other participants, 38% reported the smoke
- When there were the 2 actors (ignoring the smoke), 10% reported the smoke
What contribution did the smoke filled room have to psychology?
Sheds light on group behaviours in uncomfortable situations
Definition of bullying
An ongoing or repeated misuse of power in relationships with the intention to cause deliberate psycological harm
Name 3 effects of bullying
- Trouble sleeping
- Loss of appetite
- Negative self image
(any others)
Name 3 common reasons for bullying
- To gain a sense of power as a result of lacking power (usually at home)
- A way of forcing people to be their friends as they lack the skills to do so normally
- In relation to others being more popular than them, it comes from a place of insecurity and social anxiety
What is prosocial behaviour?
Voluntary behaviour that occurs for the benifit of others
What are 4 factors that influence pro-social behaviour?
- Reciprocity principle
- Social responsibility
- Personal characteristics
- Altruism
What is the reciprocity principle?
An unwritten rule that we should give what we expect to recieve, and the expectation the favours are returned.
What is social responsibility?
The belief that we should help those in need because it is the right thing to do
What are the 3 personal factors that influence pro-social behaviour?
- Empathy
- Mood
- Competence
What is empathy and how does it influence pro-social behaviour?
Empathy is how relatable a situation is. If people can relate to the person or have had similar experiences, they are more likely to help
What is mood and how does it influence pro-social behaviour?
Mood is how positive someone is feeling at the time. People are more likely to help if they are in a good mood
What is competence and how does it influence pro-social behaviour?
How able someone is to help. If someone has the capabilities to help, it will change whether they volunteer or not
What is altruism?
To help others completely selflessly. Focused on thew well-being and benifit of others without any thought of personal gain or reward, that can sometimes occur at great personal cost.
