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pharm exam 2 > Antiretrovirals > Flashcards

Antiretrovirals Flashcards

1
Q

The following ADRs fit which ARV class: Lipodystrophy, Hepatic Steatosis, Lactic Acidosis

A

Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs)

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2
Q

The following ADRs fit which ARV class: Headache, Nausea, Diarrhea, Rash

A

Integrase Inhibitors

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3
Q

Which Integrase Inhibitor includes nephrotoxic ADRs

A

Vitekta (Elvitigravir) ** Found in Stribild, so not recommended for patients w CrCl <70mL

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4
Q

The following ADRs fit which ARV class: Injection site reaction, hypersensitivity reaction, increased risk of bacteria pneumonia

A

Fusion Inhibitors (FI): “Enfuviritide

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5
Q

The following ADRs fit which ARV class: Hyperlipidemia, Lipodystrophy, Hepatotoxicity, GI Intolerance, Increased bleeding risk for hemophiliacs

A

Protease Inhibitors

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6
Q

The following ADRs fit which ARV class: Hepatotoxicity, Rash (including Steven Johnsons Syndrome) and drug reactions

A

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

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7
Q

MOA for NRTI

A

Competitively inhibits HIV reverse transcriptase using nucleoside analogs. The analogs compete w the naturally occurring nucleosides, preventing their incorporation into viral DNA and ultimately terminating the transcription process. “Chain termination”

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8
Q

MOA for NNRTI

A

Target the viral RT enzyme directly, binding to the active enzymatic “pocket” / catalytic site, preventing any conversion of viral RNA to DNA

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9
Q

MOA for PI

A

Inhibitor binds to protease enzyme, preventing it from cleaving the large nonfunctional viral polyprotein precursors into their functional viral protein forms - ultimately preventing the virus from being able to fully assemble w infectious viral particles

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10
Q

MOA for II

A

Inhibits inTEGRAse (ralTEGRAvir), preventing viral DNA integration into host genome

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11
Q

MOA for FI/CCR5 Antagonists

A

Prevents viral fusion w target CD4 cell membrane
Enfuviritide (FI) : blocks entry via binding GP120 viral protein
Maraviroc: blocks entry via CCR5

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12
Q

NRTI Names: REVVZEZ

A 
Retrovir
Emtriva* (Emtricitabine) 
Viread* (Tenofovir)
Videx
Zerit
Epivir
Ziagen
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13
Q

PI Names: Navir! FAD

PINAVIR, SUCH A FAD

A

Fosamprenavir
Atazanavir* (Reyataz)
Darunavir* (Prezista)

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14
Q

NNRTI Names: VIRSE

A

NNRTI Mission Statement:
Viral Intelect Resquires Sustainable Edurcation

Viramune
Intelence
Rescriptor
Edurant
Sustiva* (Efavirenz)
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15
Q

Integrase Inhibitor/INSTI Names: RED

A

Raltegravir*
Elvitegravir* - (found in Stribild, caution for CrCl)
Dolutegravir

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16
Q

What class are these drugs in?
Fosamprenavir
Atazanavir* (Reyataz)
Darunavir* (Prezista)

A

Protease Inhibitors

17
Q 
What class are these drugs in? 
Viramune
Intelence
Rescriptor
Edurant
Sustiva* (Efavirenz)
A

NNRTI

18
Q

What class are these drugs in?
Raltegravir*
Elvitegravir
Dolutegravir

A

Integrase Inhibitors / INSTI

19
Q 
What class are these drugs in? 
Retrovir
Emtriva*
Viread* (Tenofovir)
Videx
Zerit
Epivir
Ziagen
A

NRTI’s

20
Q

What class are these drugs in?

Enfuvirtide
Maraviroc

A

Fusion Inhibitors

GP120/CCR5

21
Q

1st line regimen for treatment-naive, initial HIV infection

A

“INSTI with 2 NRTI” (STRIBILD)
Elvitigravir + cobi boost with Tenofo/Emtribi

or

“Boosted PI with 2 NRTI”
Darunavir (or maybe Atazanavir) + Ritonavir with Tenofo/Emtribi

or

“NNRTI with 2 NRTI” (ATRIPLA)
Sustiva (Efavirenz) with Tenofo/Emtribi

Viread (tenofavir) + Emitriva (emitricitabine)

with either a Boosted PI
(Ritonavir + Darunavir or Atazanavir)

or NNRTI (Efavirenz) or INSTI (Raltegravir)

22
Q

1st line regimen for treatment-naive, initial HIV infection in a pregnant woman

A

STRIBILD

If in first trimester or trying to get pregnant, no Efavirenz/Sustiva (NNRTI) - found in ATRIPLA

23
Q

Stribild

A

** Not recommended for CrCl <70mL **
II/INSTI - based, 1 INSTI + Booster + 2NRTI

Elvitegravir (INSTI)
+
cobicistat (booster, P450, 3A4 inhibitor)
+
Viread (tenofovir) + Emtriva (emitricibine) (NRTI)

24
Q

Atripla

A

Not recommended for 1st trimester pregnancy

NNRTI-based, 1 NNRTI + 2 NRTI
Sustiva (Efavirenz), NNRTI
+
Emtriva (NRTI) + Viread (NRTI)

25
Q

Truvada

A

** Not recommended to use alone, must add INSTI, or boosted PI **

Emitricitabine + Tenofavir

26
Q

Stribild

A

** Not recommended for CrCl <70mL **
INSTI - based, 1 INSTI + Booster + 2NRTI

Elvitegravir (INSTI)
+
cobicistat (booster, P450, 3A4 inhibitor)
+
Viread (tenofovir) + Emtriva (emitricibine) (NRTI)

pharm exam 2 (7 decks)

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