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Pharma > Antiparasitics > Flashcards

Antiparasitics Flashcards

1
Q

albendazole

A

benzimidazoles:
antihelminthics:

NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS
INTESTINAL HELMINTHS (s. STERCORALIS
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2
Q

mebendazole

A

benzimidazoles:
antihelminthics:

INTESTINAL HELMINTHS

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3
Q

ivermectin

A

benzimidazoles:
antihelminthics:

STRONGYLOIDES
FILARIAE

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4
Q

praziquantel

A

benzimidazoles:
antihelminthics:
CESTODES
TREMATODES

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5
Q

artemether-lumefantrine

A

anti-malarials

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6
Q

atovaquone-proguanil

A

anti-malarials

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7
Q

chloroquine

A

anti-malarials:

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8
Q

mefloquine

A

anti-malarials

PROPHYLAXIS NOT TREATMENT

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9
Q

metronidazole

A

other anti-protozoal

Protozoa living in anaerobic environment

Interacts with DNA and other cellular constituents

ENTAMOEBA
GIARDIA

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10
Q

nitazoxanide

A

other anti-protozoal

Initial use: Cestodes

Antiprotozoal activity

  • Anaerobic protozoa and bacteria
  • Trichomonoas vaginalis, E. histolyticsa, C. perfrigens

Cryptosporidium parvum: only agent

Giardia lamblia (metronidazole resistant organism

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11
Q

Quinine sulfate

A

Anti-malarial

Oral treatment

Combination with tetracycline and doxycycline

Effective against all species

Toxicity high:
- Cinchonism (tinnitus, decreased hearing, headache)
- N/V
- Dysphoria
- Visual disturbances
Reversible
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12
Q

Quinidine

A

IV form of oral quinine

Adverse reaction:
- Prolong QT interval leads to arrhythmias

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13
Q

Malarone

A

Antimalarial

TREATMENT AND PROPHYLAXIS

Use for CQ resistant

Adverse reactions

  • Abdominal pain
  • N/V
  • Headache

Active against hypnozoite stage

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14
Q

Primaquine

A

Antimalarial

Eradicates hypnozoites
prevents relapse

Interferes with mito function

Do not use in G6PD due to over oxidative stress
- Leads to hemolysis

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15
Q

Artemesinins

A

Antimalarial

New drug with short half life (T1/2)

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16
Q

Co-artemether

A

Drug of choice for self-treatment of malaria

ARTEMETHER-LUMEFANTRINE

TREATMENT

17
Q

Paromomycin

A

Aminosidine
Intestinal protozoan

Lumenal agent for E. histiolytica cysts

Poorly absorbed, high conc. in intestine

Adverse reactions:

  • Ototoxicity
  • nephrotoxicity

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