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Pharma > Adrenal > Flashcards

Adrenal Flashcards

1
Q

cortisol

A

glucocorticoids

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2
Q

dexamethasone

A

glucocorticoids

Oral, Injectable, Topical

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3
Q

prednisolone

A

glucocorticoids

Ratio of GC to MC is 5:.3

ORAL, Injectable

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4
Q

fludrocortisone

A

mineralocorticoids:

ORAL

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5
Q

spironolactone

A

mineralocorticoid antagonists:

Treats primary aldosteronism

Androgen antagonist also

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6
Q

eplerenone

A

mineralocorticoid antagonists:

No anti-androgen activity as seen in spironolactone

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7
Q

aminoglutethimide

A

synthesis inhibitors

Inhibit conversion of cholesterol to pregenenolone

Treat Cushing Syndrome

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8
Q

metyrapone

A

synthesis inhibitors

Treat Cushing Syndrome

inhibits

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9
Q

ketoconazole

A

synthesis inhibitors

Treat Cushing Syndrome

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10
Q

What are the main stimulators of mineralcorticoid production?

A

Increased K, Ang II, ACTH

Increase Aldosterone production from zona glomerulosa

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11
Q

What is the common progenitor to glucocorticoids, androgens, and mineralcorticoids?

A

Pregnenolone

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12
Q

What are the main stimulators of glucocorticoid production?

A

ACTH

Produces cortisol from zona fasciulata, reticularis

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13
Q

What is a result of increased ACTH levels?

A

Adrenal hyperplasia

Adrenal hypoplasia caused by decreased ACTH levels

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14
Q

What are the target tissues and actions of glucocorticoids?

A

Many tissues

Effect:
- Carb, protein, lipid metabolisms to increase blood glucose

Decrease glucose utilization

INHIBIT the IMMUNE SYSTEM and INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE

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15
Q

What is the main action of mineralcorticoids?

A

Aldosterone

Kidney is main target

Affects water and electrolyte balance

  • Increase Na reabsorption
  • Increase K excretion
  • Increase H excretion

Loss is an acute and life threatening condition

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16
Q

What are some uses of GC in non-adrenal disorders?

A

Speed up lung maturation prior to birth

Suppress immune system for organ transplant

Treat childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (w/methotrexate)

Suppress immune system for symptomatic treatment of inflammatory/immune disorders

17
Q

What are side effects of GC use?

A

Few if topically or administered less than 2 weeks

If continued use that adds up to 100 mg

  • Hyperglycemia, glycosuria
  • Increased protein breakdown
  • Increased risk of infection
  • Myopathy
  • Osteroporosis
  • Behavioral changes
  • Cataracts
  • ulcers
  • Sodium/fluid retention
  • Growth retardation in children
  • Suppress HPA axis
18
Q

What occurs in congenital adrenal hyperplasia 1?

A

21B hydroxylase BROKEN

Everything shifted from cholesterol to ANDROGENS

19
Q

What is the cause of CAH-2?

A

11B hydroxylase knocked out but stil same effect as CAH-1

However, now have some MC function due to 11-deoxycorticosterone

Pharma (39 decks)

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