Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology 2nd Sem Prelim > Antiparasitic > Flashcards

Antiparasitic Flashcards

1
Q

Required for ergosterol synthesis in leishmanias

A

Lanosterol demethylase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Common indispensable biochemical functions

A

Microtubules in ascaris and human host

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Malaria

4 species of plasmodium cause human malaria

A

Falciparum
Vivax
Malariae
Ovale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Malaria

Life cycle

A

Liver/tissue phase and blood phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Malaria

Radical cure

A

Eliminate both hepatic and erythrocytic stages; no such drug

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Malaria

Suppressive cure

A

Complete elimination of parasite from the body by continued therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Malaria

Clinical cure

A

Terminate clinical attack

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Malaria

Dx

Less expensive but skilled staff is needed

A

Direct microscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Malaria

Dx

Expensive

A

RDT rapid diagnostic test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Anti malarial agents

Eliminate developing or dormant liver forms

A

Tissue schizonticide- primaquine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Anti malarial agents

Act on erythrocytic parasite

A 
Blood schizonticide- chloroquine
quinine
Mefloquine
Inhibitor of folate synthesis 
Tetra, doxy, clinda
Halofantine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Anti malarial agents

Kill sexual stages

A

Gameticide

Quinine
Primaquine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Anti malarial agents

Capable of preventing erythrocytic infection

A

Causal prophylactic drugs

Chloroquine
Mefloquine
Inhibitors of folate synthesis
Doxy, azithro

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Drug of choice for both treatment and Chemoprophylaxis of sensitive P. Falciparum and other species

A

Chloroquine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Eliciting parasite toxicity due to build up of free heme

A

Chloroquine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Chloroquine

Safe in

A

Pregnancy and young children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Chloroquine

Adverse effect

A

GI upset
Mild headache
Visual disturbances
Urticarial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Chloroquine

Fatal

A

5mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Chloroquine

Not given IV

A

Cardiotoxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Used for treatment of severe falciparum malaria and chloroquine resistant strains

A

Quinine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Quinine

MOA

A

Inhibits plasmodium HgB polymeraseq

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Quinine

AE

A

Cinchonism
Hemolytic anemia
Black water fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Chemoprophylaxis and blood schizonticide for chloroquine resistant strains of P. falciparum

A

Mefloquine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Mefloquine

Given only

A

Orally

Severe local irritations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Mefloquine

MOA

A

Swelling of parasitic food vacuoles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Mefloquine

Considered safe for

A

Young children

Pregnancy but limited to 1st trimester

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Mefloquine

AE

A 
Confusion
Psychosis (lessened by splitting the dose)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Drug of choice for the eradication of dormant liver forms

A

Primaquine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

If resistant to chloroquine

A

Primaquine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Primaquine

MOA

A

Unknown mechanism of action

Swelling of parasitic food vacuoles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Primaquine

Gametocidal

A

4 strains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Primaquine

Check for

A

G6PD status

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Primaquine

Not used as standard treatment

A

Oral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Primaquine

CI

A

Pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Primaquine

Other use

A

Pneumocystis carinii infection

36
Q

Primaquine

AE

A

Hemolytic anemia

37
Q

Key enzyme in the pathway for the synthesis of folate

A

Plasmodial dihydrofolate reductase

38
Q

Inhibitors of folate synthesis

Safe in pregnancy, Chemoprophylaxis

A

Pyrimethamine (fansidar)

Toxoplasmosis
Pneumocytosis

39
Q

Pyrimethamine

MOA

A

Inhibit dihydropteroate synthase (failure of nuclear division)

40
Q

Pyrimethamine

Synergism

A

Sulfonamides

41
Q

Pyrimethamine

Not recommended for Chemoprophylaxis

A

Because of toxicity (once weekly)

42
Q

Inhibitor of folate synthesis

Safe in pregnancy, for treatment and prophylaxis ( safe alternative to mefloquine)

A

Proguanil

43
Q

Proguanil

Ineffective against

A

Resistant strains

44
Q

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

Unclear mechanism of action

A

Antibiotics

45
Q

Antibiotics are

A

Tetracycline - malaria, intestinal amebiasis
Doxy- Chemoprophylaxis in SE Asia
Clindamycin - malaria, toxoplasmosis, pneumocystosis, babesiosis
Azithromycin

46
Q

Limited because of irregular absorption and cardiac toxicity

A

Halofantrine

47
Q

Halofantrine

CI

A

Pregnancy

48
Q

Halofantrine

Preparation

A

Not available in the Philippines

49
Q

Only drug reliably effective against quinine resistant strain

A

Artemisinin and derivatives

50
Q

Artemisinin and derivatives

CIO

A

Pregnancy

51
Q

Production of free radicals, best given with

A

Doxycycline or fansidar

52
Q

Artemisinin and derivatives

Insoluble and can only be used orally

A

Quinghaosu

53
Q

Atovaquone + proguanil

A

Malarone

54
Q

Alternative therapy for P. Carinii

A

Malarone

55
Q

Treatment for uncomplicated malaria

A

DHA + PPQ - first line

56
Q

Treatment for uncomplicated P vivax malaria

A

Chloroquine + Primaquine

57
Q

Treatment of malaria during pregnancy

1st trimester

A
  • quinine + clindamycin
  • artesunate + clindamycin
  • ACT
58
Q

Treatment of malaria during pregnancy

2nd trimester

A

ACTSP x 3days
AS + clindamycin
Quinine + clindamycin

59
Q

Use for pneumocystis jirovecii (carinii) pneumonia

A

Trimethoprim + sulfamethazole

60
Q

Drugs used for amoebiasis

Tissue amoebicide

A

Dehydroemetine, emetine

Chloroquine

61
Q

Drugs used for amoebiasis

Luminal amoebicide
Halogenated hydroxyquinolones

A

Diiodohydroxyquin
Iodochlorhydroxyquin
Dibromohydroxyquinoline

62
Q

Drugs used for amoebiasis

Luminal
Dichloroacetamide

A

Diloxanide furoate
Clefamide
Teclozan
Etofamide

63
Q

Drugs used for amoebiasis

Luminal

Antibiotic

A

Paramomycin

64
Q

Drugs used for amoebiasis

Tissue and luminal
Nitroimidazole

A

Metronidazole
Tinidazole
Ornidazole
Secnidazole

65
Q

Drug of choice for the treatment of extra luminal amoebiasis

A

Metronidazole

66
Q

Metronidazole

Kills trophozoite but not

A

Cysts

67
Q

Metronidazole

Nitro group of metronidazole is chemically reduced in

A

Anerobic bacteria

Sensitive protozoas

68
Q

Metronidazole

DOC

A

Tissue amoebiasis
Giardiasis
Trichomoniasis

69
Q

Metronidazole

AE

A 
Nausea
Headache
Dry mouth
Metallic taste 
Disulfiram effect
70
Q

Metronidazole

Drug interaction

A

Anticoagulant
Phenytoin
Phenobarbital

71
Q

Effective luminal amoebicide

Unknown mechanism of action

A

Iodoquinol

72
Q

Drug of choice for asymptomatic luminal infections

Unknown mechanism of actions

A

Diloxanide furoate

73
Q

An aminoglycosides used only as a luminal amoebicide

Available: 259 mg caps

A

Paramomycin sulfate

74
Q

Analog derived from ipecac

Has limited use

A

Emetine and dihydroemetine

75
Q

Emetine and dihydroemetine

AE

A

Pain and tenderness
Diarrhea
NV

76
Q

Emetine and dihydroemetine

CI

A

Patients with cardiac or renal disease

Children and pregnancy

77
Q

Only administered parenterally or aerosol

A

Pentamidine

78
Q

Pentamidine

Use in

A

Pneumocystosis (aerosol)

79
Q

Pentamidine

Prophylaxis

A

Once a month

80
Q

Pentamidine

A

African trypanosomiasis

Leishmaniasis

81
Q

1 st line agents against cutaneous and visceral leshmaniasis

AE- GI upsets, sterile abscess

A

Sodium stibogluconate

82
Q

Main source of energy of entamoebas (glycolysis)

A

Pyruvate phosphate dikinase

83
Q

Drugs for trypanosomiasis

For African trypanosomiasis but do not enter CNS

A

Suramin

84
Q

Drugs for trypanosomiasis

1st line therapy for advanced CNS african

A

Melarsoprol

85
Q

Drugs for trypanosomiasis

An inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase

A

Eflornithine

86
Q

Drugs for trypanosomiasis

Most common drug used for America trypanosomiasis

A

Nifurtimox

87
Q

Drugs for trypanosomiasis

For the treatment of acute chagas diseasetoxicities
Peripheral neuropathy

A

Benznidazole

Pharmacology 2nd Sem Prelim (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions