Antimycobacterial Drugs Flashcards
What is the prophylaxis for M. tuberculosis?
Isoniazid
What are the treatment options for M. tuberculosis?
Rifampin Isoniazid Pyrazinamide Ethambutol (RIPE)
What is the prophylaxis for M. tuberculosis?
Azithromycin
What are the treatment options for M. avium-intracellulare?
Azithromycin
Rifampin
Ethembutol
Streptomycin
What is the prophylaxis for M. leprae?
N/A
What are the treatment options for M. leprae?
Long term treatment with dapsone and rifampin fro tuberculoid form. Add clofazimine for lepromatous form.
What is the mechanism for Isoniazid?
Down regulate synthesis of my colic acids. Bacterial catalase-peroxidase (KatG) needed to convert INH to active metabolite.
What are the toxicities we should look out for with Isoniazid?
INH Injures Neurons and Hepatocytes.
What is the mechanism for Rifampin?
Inhibits DNA dependent RNA polymerase
4 - R's RNA polymerase inhibitor Revs up microsomal P-450 Red/orange body fluids Rapid resistance if used alone
What are the clinical uses of Rifampin?
M. tuberculosis; delays resistance to dapsone when used fro leprosy. Used for meningococcal prophylaxis and chemoprophylaxis in contacts of children with H. influenza type B.
What are the toxicities we should look out for with Rifampin?
Minor hepatotoxicity and drug interactions; orange body fluids
What is the mechanism of Pyrazinamide?
Mechanism uncertain.
What are the clinical uses of Pyrazinamide?
M. Tuberculosis
What are the toxicities we should look out for with Pyrazinamide?
Hyperuriciemia
Hepatotoxicity
What is the mechanism of Ethambutol?
Down regulation of carbohydrate polymerization of mycobacterium cell wall by blocking arabinosyltranferase.
