Antimicrobials - Sulfonamides

Question 1

Sulfonamide Overview

Sulfonamide action

Answer 1

they inhibit folic acid synthesis in the bacteria which is needed for DNA synethesis

Question 2

What do you assess before giving a sulfonamide

Answer 2

-skin! make sure there is no rash present
-BUN, creatinine, WBC

Question 3

Do not give a sulfonamide to or with…

Answer 3

pregnant/breastfeeding women or with diuretics

Question 4

Sulfonamides adverse effects:

Answer 4

-Steven Johnson syndrome (lesions and mucous around eyes and mouth)
-Kernicterus (when infans gets bilirubin in brain)
-Crystalluria (kidney stones causing renal damage)

Question 5

Sulfonamides are taken for:

Answer 5

UTI

Question 6

List three sulfonamide drugs:

Answer 6

-Sulfamethoxazole
-Trimethoprim
-TMP/SMZ

Question 7

Sulfamethoxazole

Answer 7

-Action: PABA and inhibits folate synthesis

Question 8

Trimethoprim

Answer 8

-Action: inhibits dihydrofolate reductase
-unique SE: hematologic effects (anemia/RBC count) & hyperkalemia

Question 9

TMP/SMZ

Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim combined

Answer 9

Action: inhibits sequential steps in bacterial folic acid synthesis
-unique SE: rash & N/V