Antimicrobials - Aminoglycosides Flashcards
Aminoglycosides Overview
what bacteria do they target
aerobic gram negative bacteria (require o2)
Aminoglycosides Overview
What do aminoglycosides target on the bacteria?
What is its action
inhibits protein synthesis on 30S ribosome
Aminoglycosides Overview
What are the terms for monitoring levels of an aminoglycoside and what does the level need to be before giving next dose?
-peak and trough
-cannot give next dose unless trough level is 0.
Aminoglycosides Overview
What lab values should you monitor for all aminoglycosides and why?
BUN, creatinine, and urine output because they can be nephrotoxic and these values allow you to assess kidney function
Aminoglycosides Overview
Adverse effects of aminoglycosides
-nephrotoxicity
-ototoxicity
-neuromuscular blockade (don’t take with a neuromuscular blocker/anesthetics or give *if pt. has myathenia gravis could cause resp paralysis)
-hypersensitivity reactions
Aminoglycosides Overview
What should peak and trough levels look like for aminoglycosides
-peak levels must be high enough to kill bacteria. so take a serum sample 30 min after giving med
-trough levels must be low enough to minimize toxicity. so for a once daily dose draw a serum sample one hour before next dose and value should be very close to 0
Aminoglycosides Overview
What are the three aminoglycosides?
Amikacin
Gentamicin
Tobramycin
Specific
Amikacin
need to know, one specific side effect
-Need to know: big dawg we hold this back until we really need it, not absorbed in GI tract usually given by IV
-SE: ringing in ears
Specific
Gentamicin
need to know and SE’s
-Need to know: before giving assess pulse ox and for myasthenia gravis
-SE: nephrotoxicity/ototoxicity especially so watch peaks to make sure it doesn’t get too toxic!
Specific
Tobramycin
taken for what
Taken for: cystic fibrosis patients (as an inhaler/nebulizer treatment)
toby tells a lot of fibs and i need an inhaler bc i laugh so hard
