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Antimicrobials Josi > Antimicrobials II > Flashcards

Antimicrobials II Flashcards

1
Q

Name all the drugs (categories) that inhibit protein synthesis

A 
Aminglycosides
Tetracyclines
Cloramhenicol
Clindamycin
Macrolides
Linezolid
Streptogramins
Mupirocin
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2
Q

What are the drugs that affect the 30S subunit?

A

Aminoglycosides

Tetracyclines

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3
Q

What are the drugs that afffect the 50S subunit?

A 
Chloramphenicol
Clindamycin
Macrolides
Linezolid
Streptogramins
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4
Q

What is the drug that affects the tRNA synthetase?

A

Mupirocin

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5
Q

Name all the Aminoglycosides

A 
Gentamycin
Neomycin
Amikacin
Tobramycin
Streptomycin

(GNATS)

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6
Q

MOA of aminoglycosides?

A

bactercidal

inhibits the 30s subunit

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7
Q

Clinical use of aminoglycosides

A

Severe gram - aerobic bacteria

Neomycin enema for bowel surgery

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8
Q

Toxicity and contraindications for aminoglycosides

A

Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Tertogen

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9
Q

Amikacin is the _____ spectrum of aminoglycosides

A

broadest

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10
Q

Name the tetracyclines

A

Tetracycline
Doxycycline
Tigecycline
Minocycline

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11
Q

MOA of tetracyclines

A

bacteriostatic

inhibits 30S subunit

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12
Q

Clinical use of tetracyclines

A

Tx Acne vulgaris
Vibrio choleraie, Acne, Chlamydia, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma pneumonia, Tularemia, H pylori, Borrelia, Rickettsia
VACUUM THe BR

Do not give if pregnant!
Avoid alcohol

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13
Q

MOA of chloramphenicol

A

bacteriostatic

inhibits 50S peptidyltransferase

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14
Q

Clinical use of chloramphenicol

A

Meningitis

Rickettsias

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15
Q

Toxicity and contraindications of chloramphenicol

A

Anemia
Hemolytic anemia
aplastic anemia
Gray baby syndrome

Crosses BBB

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16
Q

Clindamycin

A

Bacteriostatic

Blocks peptide bond formation of 50s subunit

17
Q

Clinical use of clindamycin

A

Anaerobes above the diaphragm, gram + bugs

Tx bone and joint infections

18
Q

Toxicity and contraindications of clindamycin

A 
C. diff
Hematological disorders
Fever
Diarrhea
Cellulitis
19
Q

Name all the macrolides

A

Erythromycin
Azithromycin
Clarithromycin

20
Q

MOA of macrolides

A

Bacteriostatic

inhibits 50s subunit

21
Q

Clinical use of macrolides

A

URI, pneumonia and STDs
Gram + cocci, chlamydia, neisseria, mycoplasma, legionella

conjuctivits from chlamydia

22
Q

Toxicity and contraindications of macrolides

A 
Safest antimicrobials
prolonged QT
GI distress
Skin rashes
eosinophilia
Acute cholestatic hepatitis
inreases serum theophylines
23
Q

MOA of Linezolid

A

Bacteriostatic

inhibits 50s subunit

24
Q

Clinical use of linezolid?

A

Healthcare associated pneumonia, S aureus pneumo, infections from MRSA and VRE

25
Q

Toxicity and contraindications of and linezolid

A

Bone Marrow suppression
Avoid if on MOA inhibitors
Headache and GI upset
Reversible neurotoxicity

26
Q

Name the Streptogramins

A

Quinupristin/dalfopristin

27
Q

MOA of streptogramins

A

Bacteriostatic

inhibits 50s subunits

28
Q

Clinical use of streptogramins

A

Life threatening bacteremia with VRE, enterococcus, complicated skin infections with S. aureus (VRSA)

29
Q

Toxicity and contraindications of streptogramins

A

hyperbilirubinemia, injection site pain and inflammation, myalgia/arthralgia

IV administration only
A nasty medication

30
Q

MOA of muciprocin

A

Bactercidal

inhibits tRNA synthetase

31
Q

Clinical use of muciprocin

A

Gram + and gram - bacteria, used as topical tx for skin infections, MRSA, and methicillin resistant S pyogenes

32
Q

Toxicity and contraindications of muciprocin

A

injection site pain and inflammation, should not be applied to large skin areas in patients with renal insufficiency

Antimicrobials Josi (6 decks)

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