Antimicrobials - Adverse Effects and Drug Interactions

Question 1

Potential to Lower Seizure Threshold

Answer 1

carbapenems

quinolones

Question 2

Nephrotoxicity

Answer 2

aminoglycosides
amphoteracin B
Bactrim
vancomycin

Question 3

Cause Clostridium Difficile Diarrhea

Answer 3

Any antibiotic can but esp those with broad spectrum that alter GI flora to a greater extent
clindamycin
ampicillin
3rd generation cephalosporins

Question 4

Alterations in Urine Color

Answer 4

nitrofurantoin

rifampin

Question 5

Infusion-Related Reactions

Answer 5

Fever, chills, rigors:
amphoteracin & caspofungin
Red man syndrome: vancomycin

Question 6

Protein-binding Interactions

Answer 6

Bactrim

Question 7

Issues with Teeth and Bone Development

Answer 7

quinolones (“quinolones go to the bones”)
tetracyclines (teeth)
tigacycline

Question 8

Chelation Interactions

Answer 8

tetracyclines

quinolones

Question 9

p450 Metabolism Interactions

Answer 9

isoniazid
macrolides (azithromycin less so)
oral antifungal drugs
quinolones
rifampin
several HIV antivirals
Synercid

Question 10

If Anaphylactic PCN Allergy

Answer 10

No penicillins
No carbapenems
No cephalosporins
Everything else is OK

Question 11

If Non-anaphylactic PCN Allergy

Answer 11

No penicillins
No carbapenems
Everything else is OK