Antimalarials

Question 1

Can remain formant in liver and can relapse months or years later

Answer 1

P. vivax & P. ovale

Question 2

Can lead to capillary obstructions or cerebral malaria

Answer 2

P. falciparum

Question 3

Chloroquine MOA

Answer 3

binds to heme preventing polymerization to hemozoin = increased pH & accumulation of heme = oxidative damage

food vacuole - primarily by ion trapping

Question 4

Adverse effects of Chloroquine

Answer 4

prolong QT interval
Ophthalmic issues
NOT for patients with psoriasis or porphyria

Question 5

Primaquine MOA

Answer 5

acts as an oxidate = disruption of the metabolic processes of plasmodial mitochondria

Question 6

eradicates primary exoerythocytic (liver) forms of plasmodia & hypnozoites (P. v & P. o) = interrupts transmission of the disease

Answer 6

Primaquine

Question 7

Primaquine adverse effects

Answer 7

G6PD = hemolytic anemia

Question 8

Atovaquone-proguanil MOA

Answer 8

inhibits mitochondrial processes = ETC (ATP & pyrimidine biosynthesis)

Question 9

Effective for chloroquine-resistant strains of P. falciparum

Answer 9

Atovaquone-proguanil

Question 10

Prophylaxis for all plasmodia

Answer 10

Mefloquine

Question 11

Mefloquine is contraindicated in pts with

Answer 11

epilepsy or psychiatric disorders

cardiac conduction issues

Question 12

Quinine MOA

Answer 12

interferes with heme polymerization - death of the erythrocytic forms of plasmodial parasite

Question 13

Cinchonism is a major adverse effect of

Answer 13

Quinine

Question 14

1st line agents for treatment of multidrug-resistant P. falciparum malaria

Answer 14

Artemisinin & derivatives

Question 15

Pyrimethamine MOA

Answer 15

plasmodial dihydrofolate reductase = decreases Nucleic Acid synthesis

Question 16

Drugs who site of action is the Liver (primary stage)

Answer 16

Primaquine

Atovaquone/Proguanil