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SCOT > Antiinflammatory Drugs > Flashcards

Antiinflammatory Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Different types of anti inflammatory drugs

A
  • sympathomimetics
  • NSAIDs
  • Corticosteroids
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2
Q

What are sympathomimetics

A
  • used in differential diagnosis
  • active ingredient - adrenergic alpha agonists
  • promotes contraction of smooth muscle
  • reduces conjunctival hyperaemia
  • phenylephrine hydrochloride
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3
Q

Which patients cant use these drugs due to Systemic adrenergic effects

A
  • cardiac disease
  • hypertension
  • asthma
  • thyrotoxicosis
  • insulin dependent diabetes
  • closed or narrow angles
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4
Q

Cautions and side effects of sympathomimetics

A
  • risk of systemic effects
  • photophobia
  • corneal clouding
  • mydraisis
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5
Q

Mechanism of NSAIDS

A
  • inhibit action of cyclo-oxygenase
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6
Q

What are the 2 forms of cyclo-oxygenase

A

COX-1
- normal processes in uninflamed tissues
- stomach acid levels

COX-2
- synthesis of prostaglandins in inflamed tissues

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7
Q

3 properties of systemic NSAIDs

A
  • anti inflammatory
  • analgesic
  • anti pyretic
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8
Q

Cautions for use of NSAIDs

A
  • allergy to aspirin
  • px with blood clotting disorders
  • gastrointestinal problems
  • asthma
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9
Q

Advantages of topical ocular NSAIDs

A
  • greater therapeutic effect
  • reduced risk of systemic side effects
  • minimal ocular side effects
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10
Q

Examples and dose of NSAIDs

A
  • diclofenac sodium
  • flurbiprofen
  • ketorolac
  • nepafenac
  • 2-4 per day
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11
Q

What are corticosteroids

A
  • naturally occurring steroids and synthetic medications designed to mimic action of steroids which occur in the body
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12
Q

Dosing of steroid medication

A
  • 1 drop every 2 hours for first 2 days
  • then qds
  • taper dose gradual over a number of weeks
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13
Q

Examples of corticosteroids

A
  • flouromethalone
  • betamethasone
  • loteprednol
  • prednisolone
  • dexamethasone
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14
Q

Adverse drug reactions for steroids

A
  • rise in IOPs - steroid glaucoma
  • measure IOPs every 2 weeks
  • steroid cataract
  • peripheral corneal thinning
  • CSR
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15
Q

Indications for corticosteroids

A
  • control ocular inflammation
  • reduces sensation of pain
  • reduced risk of ocular tissue damage
  • uveitis
  • scleritis
  • severe allergic conjunctivitis
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16
Q

Contraindications for corticosteroids

A
  • undiagnosed red eye
  • infectious keratitis
  • reduced immune system
17
Q

Corticosteroids ADRs

A
  • rise in IOP
  • measure iop every 2-4 weeks
  • iop typically returns to normal level after 1-2 weeks
  • peripheral corneal thinning
  • CSR

SCOT (17 decks)

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