Antihypertensive Drugs Flashcards
Alpha 1 blockers are
Prazocin and doxasosin
Combined alpha and beta blocker drug is
Labetalol
Adrenergic neuron blockers
Alpha methyldopa and reserpine
Vasodilators
Hydralazine
Central alpha 2 stimulants
Clonidine
Endothelin blockers
Bosentan
Dopamine agonist
Fenoldopam
ACEIs SH containing drugs …
Captopril
ACEIs non SH containing drugs…
Ramipril
Lisinopril
Benazepril
ARBs preparations….
Losartan
Olmesartan
Competitive inhibition of ANG2 at AT1 receptor
ARBs
ACE inhibitors side effects
CAPTOPRIL
cough
Angioedema
Proteinuria
Taste changes
Orthostatic hypotension
Pregnancy: teratogenicity
Rashes
Renal failure
Increased k+ due to decreasing of aldosterone
Leucopenia
Cautions of ACE inhibitors
Monitor serum of k+ and creatinine
Contraindications of ACE inhibitors
Pregnancy
Renal impairment
Dangerous hyperkalemia may occur with potassium sparing diuretics
From Beta blocker drugs and has VD action
Carvedilol
Cautions and contraindications of beta blockers
Variant angina
Asthma
Avoid abrupt withdrawal
Drugs that are both myocardial depressants (inhibi conduction and contraction)
Verapamil
Beta blockers
Calcium channel blockers
Verapamil
Nifedipine
Amlodipine
Diltiazem
Relatively cardio selective
-Ve chronotropic and inotropic
Verapamil
Smooth muscle selective
Potent arterial dilator
Nifedipine, amoldipine
Intermediate properties
Diltiazem
Competitive inhibitors of catecholamines
Beta blockers
Inhibit sympathetic Stimulation of heart
Beta blocker
Decrease renin release from kidney
Beta blockers
All of the following are side effects of
Bradycardia
Heart block
Heart failure
Beta 1 effect
Bronchospasm
Worsening PVD
Beta 2 effects
AV block
Heart failure
Constipation
Are side effects of …
Verapamil and diltiazem
Peripheral VD ( flushing, headache)
Reflex tachycardia
Ankle oedema
Are side effects of….
Nifedipine and amoldipine
Drugs of first choice to treat patients with mild to moderate hypertension
Diuretics
Preparations of thiazide are …
Hydrochlorothiazide
Bendroflumethiazide
Drugs that lower BP by renal and extrarenal effects
Diuretics
Inhibition of NaCl reabsorption is
Renal effect
Direct VD action on resistance vessels
Vascular response to pressor agents are reduced due to decrease Na content in vascular wall so PG(VD) will increase
Extrarenal effects
Side effects of diuretics
3hypo
4 hyper
Hypokalemia
Hyponatremia
Hypovolemia
Hyperglycemia
Hyperlipidemia
Hyperuricemia
Hypersensitivity
