Antihypertensive and Anticoagulants Medications

Question 1

-PRIL

Answer 1

ACE INHIBITOR

Question 2

-SARTAN

Answer 2

ARBs

Question 3

-OLOL

Answer 3

BETA BLOCKERS

Question 4

-DIPINE

Answer 4

CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS

Question 5

-OXIN

Answer 5

DIGITALIS (Cardiac glycosides)

Question 6

-IDE, -THIAZIDE, -ACTONE

Answer 6

DIURETICS

Question 7

Side effects of antihypertensive

Answer 7

Orthostatic Hypotension

Rebound hypertension

Question 8

Must-Know Side Effects of ACE Inhibitors

Answer 8

Angioedema (!!!), Dry Cough (Normal), Elevated K+ (can cause cardiac dysrhythmias!!!)

Question 9

Therapeutic Use of ACE Inhibitors

Answer 9

Hypertension, heart failure, MI

Question 10

Nursing Considerations

Answer 10

Monitor renal function
Unsafe during pregnancy

Question 11

Must Know Side-Effects of Alpha-2 Adrenergic Agonists

Answer 11

D’s of Clonidine
* Bradycardia
* Orthostatic hypotension
* Dry mouth
* Drowsiness
* Dizziness
* Depression of CNS

Question 12

Therapeutic Use of Alpha-2 Adrenergic Agonists

Answer 12

Hypertension & hypertensive crisis
Alcohol & controlled drug withdrawal
Anxiety
ADHD

Question 13

Must-Know Side Effects of Beta Blockers

Answer 13

B’s of Beta Blockers
* Bradycardia & heart blocks
* Bronchospasms or bronchoconstriction (ASTHMA!!!)
* Bad for heart failure patients
* Blood sugar masking (masks hypoglycemia)
* Hypotension
* Blocks beta-1 & beta-2 receptors

Question 14

Therapeutic Uses of Beta Blockers

Answer 14

Hypertension
Tachycardia & SVT
Stable angina
Chronic & compensated heart failure
Dysrhythmias
Anxiety

Question 15

Selective Beta-Blockers Difference (1 vs 2)

Answer 15

Beta-1 is Heart
Beta-2 is Lungs

Question 16

Must-Know Side Effects for Calcium Channel Blockers

Answer 16

Orthostatic hypotension & dizziness
Constipation
Flushing
Headache
Peripheral edema

Question 17

Therapeutic Uses of Calcium Channel Blockers

Answer 17

Hypertension, stable angina, dysrhythmias

Question 18

Antidote for Heparin vs Warfarin (Anticoagulants)

Answer 18

Heparin: Protamine sulfate
Warfarin: Vitamin K

Question 19

Route for Heparin vs Warfarin

Answer 19

Heparin: IV or SubQ (NOT ORALLY)

Warfarin: Orally (PO)

Question 20

Heparin vs Warfarin in Pregnancy?

Answer 20

Heparin: Safe for pregnancy
Warfarin: TERATOGENIC

Question 21

Onset of Heparin vs Warfarin

Answer 21

Heparin: RAPID (minutes)
Warfarin: Slow (24-72 hours)

Question 22

Duration of Heparin vs Warfarin

Answer 22

Heparin: Short-term therapy
Warfarin: Long-term therapy

Question 23

Monitoring of Heparin vs Warfarin

Answer 23

Heparin: aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time)
Warfarin: PT/INR (international normalized ration)

Question 24

Therapeutic Use of Heparin vs Warfarin

Answer 24

Heparin: prevents NEW clots

Warfarin: prevents CURRENT clots from getting bigger (e.g., DVT)

Question 25

Side effects of Heparin and Warfarin

Answer 25

Bleeding (mild to severe) 1. Bruising 2. Petechiae 3. Bloody stool 4. Vomiting (coffee grounds)

Question 26

PT Education for Heparin

Answer 26

* SubQ in the belly * 2 inches from umbilicus * 90 degree angle * Do not massage injection site

Question 27

PT Education for Warfarin

Answer 27

Be consistent with vitamin K intake (liver and leafy green vegetables)

Question 28

Bleeding Precautions for Warfarin and Heparin

Answer 28

AVOID: * NSAIDs, aspiring, antibiotics, alcohol * Flossing * Contact sports * Bowel straining * Falls USE electric razor ONLY and medical bracelet