Antihypertensive Agents

Question 1

prehypertension

Answer 1

120/80 - 139/89

Question 2

stage 1 hypertension

Answer 2

140/90

Question 3

stage hypertension

Answer 3

180/110

Question 4

hypertension urgency

Answer 4

220/110

Question 5

Secondary hypertension

Answer 5

hypertension caused by another medical complication.

Question 6

primary or essential hypertension

Answer 6

cause is unkown

Question 7

malignant hypertension

Answer 7

comes on suddenly. 220/120

Question 8

What does renin do?

Answer 8

converts angio-tensinogen to angiotensin I

Question 9

what converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I

Answer 9

renin

Question 10

What does angiotensin converting enyme (ACE) do

Answer 10

converts angiotensin I to Angiotensin II

Question 11

Angiotensin II leads to

Answer 11

Aldosteron which leads to Na retention, vasoconstriction

Question 12

what does bradykinin do

Answer 12

dilates arteries, decreases BP, causes capillary leakage (edema), activates sensory nerves (pain, itching)

Question 13

Treatment of hypertension

Answer 13

behavior modification, decrease fluid colume, drugs

Question 14

How do drugs treat hypertension

Answer 14

interrupt normal BP control, do not cure hypertension but must be taken for life

Question 15

How do you decrease fluid volume for treating hypertension

Answer 15

decrease Na in diet, diuretics - thiazides plus k sparing diuretics.

Question 16

The central alpha 2 agonists

Answer 16

alpha - methyl DOPA, clonidine,

Question 17

alpha - methyl DOPA

Answer 17

gets into CNS, central alpha 2 agonist, prodrug metabolized to alpha methyl NE which stimulates alpha 2 receptors

Question 18

Side effects of alpha - methyl DOPA

Answer 18

depression, drowsiness, dry mouth, impaired ejeculation, hepatic dysfunction

Question 19

clonidine

Answer 19

central alpha 2 agonist

Question 20

side effects of alpha-methyl DOPA

Answer 20

depression, drowsiness, impaired ejeculation

Question 21

unlabled uses for clonidine

Answer 21

fibromyalgia, insomnia, tretment of touretts, treat opiate withdrawl

Question 22

Agents that have central and peripheral effects

Answer 22

propranolol, reserpine, alpha methyl tyrosine

Question 23

propranolol

Answer 23

non specific beta blocker, has central and peripheral effects

Question 24

alpha methyl tyrosine

Answer 24

acts on central and peripheral, inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase - prevents synthesis of NE and E used to treat pheocromacytoma