Antihypertensive Agents Flashcards by Лили Ауси

Q

What is the classification of antihypertensive agents

A

Diuretics
Sympathoplegic agents
Direct vasodilators
Agents that block production or action of angiotensin
Calcium channel blockers

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Q

How do diuretics decrease blood pressure

A

By depleting the body of sodium and reducing blood volume

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Q

How do sympathoplegic agents decrease blood pressure

A

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Q

How do direct vasodilators decrease blood pressure

A

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Q

How do agents that block production or action of angiotensin decrease blood pressure

A

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Q

Explain why drugs that alter sympathetic nervous system function are useful in hypertension

A

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Q

List the centrally acting sympathoplegic drugs

A

Methyldopa
Clonidine

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Q

Explain methyldopa as antihypertensive agent

A

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Q

Explain mechanism of action of methyldopa

A

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Q

What is the toxicity of methyldopa

A

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Q

Explain clonidine as antihypertensive agent

A

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Q

Explain the mechanism of action of clonidine

A

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Q

Explain the pharmacokinetics of clonidine

A

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Q

What can be used instead of clonidine tablets

A

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Q

Explain a precaution of clonidine

A

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Q

What is the toxicity of clonidine

A

Dry mouth and sedation

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Q

What are the adrenoceptor antagonists

A

Alpha 1 blockers
Beta adrenoceptor blocking agents

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Q

List the alpha 1 blockers

A

Q

Explain the mechanism of action of alpha 1 blockers

A

Q

When are alpha1 blockers used as antihypertensive more effectively

A

Q

Uses of alpha1 blockers

A

Q

Why should the first dose of alpha 1 receptor blockers be small and at bedtime

A

Q

Long term treatment with alpha1 receptor blockers causes what

A

Relatively little postural hypotension

Q

What is the classification of beta adrenoceptor blocking agents

A

Q

Explain the pharmacokinetics of beta blockers

A

Q

What is the pharmacological cation of beta blockers on the CVS

A

Q

What is the pharmacological cation of beta blockers on the bronchi

A

Q

What is the pharmacological cation of beta blockers on the CNS

A

Q

What is the pharmacological cation of beta blockers on metabolism

A

Q

What is the pharmacological cation of beta blockers on the eye

A

Q

Explain the mechanism of how beta blockers decrease blood pressure

A

Q

Explain the mechanism of how beta blockers relieve angina and improve exercise tolerance

A

Q

What are the uses of beta blockers

A

Q

What is the precaution of beta blockers

A

Q

Explain the withdrawal syndrome of beta blockers

A

Q

What are the adverse effects of beta blockers

A

Q

Explain why b blockers may mask the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia in patient with tightly controlled diabetes

A

Q

Explain propranolol

A

Q

Explain metoprolol

A

Q

Explain labetalol

A

Q

Explain the significance of the different doses of labetalol

A

Q

What are the uses of labetalol

A

Q

Explain nebivolol

A

Q

Explain the mechanism of action of nebivolol

A