Antihistamínicos Flashcards

1
Q

Antihistamínicos

A

Agonistas inversos, se unen cuando el receptor está inactivo y no permiten su activación

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2
Q

Primera generación

A

Bloqueo H1 central y periférico, no son selectivos, se unen a ACh, adrenérgicos, serotoninérgicos y dopaminérgicos.
Potentes hipnóticos

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3
Q

Potente bloqueo H1 y anticolinérgico + efecto hipnótico

A

Difenhidramina

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4
Q

Genera torcida de puntas, prolongación QT

A

Difenhidramina

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5
Q

Útil para el mareo, inhibe estimulación vestibular y del laberinto

A

Dimenhidrato

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6
Q

Ketotifeno

A

Conjuntivitis alérgica

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7
Q

Segunda generación

A

Producen menos sedación, son mas específicos para los receptores de histamina
Efectos adversos: cefalea y somnolencia

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8
Q

Loratadina

A

Su BD aumenta con los alimentos

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9
Q

Inhibición selectiva por H1 periféricos

A

Cetirizina (Seguridad en interacciones)

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10
Q

Olopatadina

A

Estabiliza mastocitos en la conjuntiva

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11
Q

Antagonista de H4 que reduce quimiotaxis y activación de eosinófilos

A

Alcaftadina

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12
Q

Fexofenadina

A

Estabiliza el mastocito
Los jugos y las grasas disminuyen su BD
Eliminación biliar

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13
Q

Evita los cuadros histaminérgicos

A

Desloratadina

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14
Q

Levocetirizina

A

B en el embarazo

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15
Q

Inhibidor de la liberación de histamina

A

Cromoglicano de sodio como profilaxis para las conjuntivitis alérgicas > 2 años

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