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343 Exam 2 > Antihistamines; decongestants; antitussives; expectorants > Flashcards

Antihistamines; decongestants; antitussives; expectorants Flashcards

1
Q

Treatment of common cold:

A

symptomatic only; not curative

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2
Q

Treatment of common cold is considered

A

empiric therapy: treating the most likely cause

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3
Q

Antihistamine effects:

A

Anticholingeric; drying effect; sedative

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4
Q

Why give nasal decongestants?

A 
Acute/chronic rhinitis
Common cold
Sinusitis
Hay Fever
Other allergies
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5
Q

Which nasal decongestants raise BP?

A

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MOIs) & Sympathomimetic

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6
Q

Nasal steroids have:

A

anti-inflammatory effect

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7
Q

Andrenergics do what?

A

constrict small blood vessels; better draining

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8
Q

Drug interactions with loratadine

A

Ketoconazole
Cimetidine
Erythromycin

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9
Q

Drug Interactions with Diphehydramine

A

Alcohol
MAOIs
CNS depressants

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10
Q

Mechanism of the drug interactions of loratadine

A

inhibits metabolism & increases loratadine levels

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11
Q

Mechanism of drug interactions of diphenhydramine?

A

Additive effects & increased CNS depression

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12
Q

When do you take diphenhydramine

A

25-50 mg @ bedtime as needed for short term use

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13
Q

Indications for loratadine (claritin)

A

Allergic rhinitis & chronic urticaria

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14
Q

Non-sedating antihistamines does not what?

A

crossss blood brain barrier like other antihistamines

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15
Q

What are non sedating antihistamines called also?

A

peripherally acting antihistamines

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16
Q

rebound decongestion occurs with

A

inhaled decongestants

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17
Q

Intranasal steroids are not associated with

A

rebound congestion

18
Q

Adrenergic are considered what because of what?

A

sympathomimetics; sympathetic nervous system; constriction of BV

19
Q

Oral decongestants have what effect?

A

Prolonged effect but delayed onset

20
Q

Oral decongestants last what?

A

longer than inhalants & NO REBOUND CONGESTION

21
Q

Topical adrenergic are what?

A

prompt onset & potent

22
Q

Topic adrenergic (phenylephrine) can be sustained use over

A

several days but CAUSES REBOUND CONGESTION

23
Q

Inhaled decongestant is not associated with

A

rebound congestion

24
Q

Inhaled decongestants are mostly used for

A

prevention of nasal congestion

25
Q

Systemic sympathomimetic drugs & sympathomimetic nasal decongestants are likely to cause

A

Drug toxicity when given together

26
Q

Antitussives are used only for

A

nonproductive coughs aka dry cough

27
Q

Antitussives may be used when:

A

coughing is harmful or used to stop cough reflex when cough is nonproductive or harmful

28
Q

Codeine is used in

A

combo with other respiratory meds to control coughs

29
Q

Codeine alone without a combo drug is considered a

A

schedule II drug

30
Q

Codeine-containing cough suppressants are what schedule of drug?

A

V

31
Q

Contraindications for Codeine

A

Respiratory depression
Increased intracranial pressure
Seizure disorders

32
Q

Dextromethorphan is

A

safe, non addicting & does not contain CNS depression

33
Q

Dextromethorphan contraindicated

A

Asthma/emphysema

Persistent headache

34
Q

stop antihistamines how many days prior before an allergy test?

A

4 days

35
Q

dextro

benzo

A

non opioid antitussive drugs

36
Q

Contraindications of antitussive drugs

A

drug allergy
hypothyroidism
respiratory depression
opioid dependency

37
Q

report to doc if what happens with antitussives?

A

cough more than 1 week
fever
rash
persistent headache

38
Q

Adrenergic adverse effects

A

nervousness
insomnia
palpatations
tremors

39
Q

contraindications of nasal decongestants

A 
Drug allergy
narrow eye glaucoma
CVD, HTN
Diabetes
hyperthyrodisim
long standing asthma
40
Q

Topical nasal adregenic

A

phenylephrine

41
Q

Oral adrenergic

A

Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)

343 Exam 2 (8 decks)

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