Antihistamines; decongestants; antitussives; expectorants

Question 1

Treatment of common cold:

Answer 1

symptomatic only; not curative

Question 2

Treatment of common cold is considered

Answer 2

empiric therapy: treating the most likely cause

Question 3

Antihistamine effects:

Answer 3

Anticholingeric; drying effect; sedative

Question 4

Why give nasal decongestants?

Answer 4

Acute/chronic rhinitis
Common cold
Sinusitis
Hay Fever
Other allergies

Question 5

Which nasal decongestants raise BP?

Answer 5

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MOIs) & Sympathomimetic

Question 6

Nasal steroids have:

Answer 6

anti-inflammatory effect

Question 7

Andrenergics do what?

Answer 7

constrict small blood vessels; better draining

Question 8

Drug interactions with loratadine

Answer 8

Ketoconazole
Cimetidine
Erythromycin

Question 9

Drug Interactions with Diphehydramine

Answer 9

Alcohol
MAOIs
CNS depressants

Question 10

Mechanism of the drug interactions of loratadine

Answer 10

inhibits metabolism & increases loratadine levels

Question 11

Mechanism of drug interactions of diphenhydramine?

Answer 11

Additive effects & increased CNS depression

Question 12

When do you take diphenhydramine

Answer 12

25-50 mg @ bedtime as needed for short term use

Question 13

Indications for loratadine (claritin)

Answer 13

Allergic rhinitis & chronic urticaria

Question 14

Non-sedating antihistamines does not what?

Answer 14

crossss blood brain barrier like other antihistamines

Question 15

What are non sedating antihistamines called also?

Answer 15

peripherally acting antihistamines

Question 16

rebound decongestion occurs with

Answer 16

inhaled decongestants

Question 17

Intranasal steroids are not associated with

Answer 17

rebound congestion

Question 18

Adrenergic are considered what because of what?

Answer 18

sympathomimetics; sympathetic nervous system; constriction of BV

Question 19

Oral decongestants have what effect?

Answer 19

Prolonged effect but delayed onset

Question 20

Oral decongestants last what?

Answer 20

longer than inhalants & NO REBOUND CONGESTION

Question 21

Topical adrenergic are what?

Answer 21

prompt onset & potent

Question 22

Topic adrenergic (phenylephrine) can be sustained use over

Answer 22

several days but CAUSES REBOUND CONGESTION

Question 23

Inhaled decongestant is not associated with

Answer 23

rebound congestion

Question 24

Inhaled decongestants are mostly used for

Answer 24

prevention of nasal congestion

Question 25

Systemic sympathomimetic drugs & sympathomimetic nasal decongestants are likely to cause

Answer 25

Drug toxicity when given together

Question 26

Antitussives are used only for

Answer 26

nonproductive coughs aka dry cough

Question 27

Antitussives may be used when:

Answer 27

coughing is harmful or used to stop cough reflex when cough is nonproductive or harmful

Question 28

Codeine is used in

Answer 28

combo with other respiratory meds to control coughs

Question 29

Codeine alone without a combo drug is considered a

Answer 29

schedule II drug

Question 30

Codeine-containing cough suppressants are what schedule of drug?

Answer 30

V

Question 31

Contraindications for Codeine

Answer 31

Respiratory depression Increased intracranial pressure Seizure disorders

Question 32

Dextromethorphan is

Answer 32

safe, non addicting & does not contain CNS depression

Question 33

Dextromethorphan contraindicated

Answer 33

Asthma/emphysema | Persistent headache

Question 34

stop antihistamines how many days prior before an allergy test?

Answer 34

4 days

Question 35

dextro | benzo

Answer 35

non opioid antitussive drugs

Question 36

Contraindications of antitussive drugs

Answer 36

drug allergy hypothyroidism respiratory depression opioid dependency

Question 37

report to doc if what happens with antitussives?

Answer 37

cough more than 1 week fever rash persistent headache

Question 38

Adrenergic adverse effects

Answer 38

nervousness insomnia palpatations tremors

Question 39

contraindications of nasal decongestants

Answer 39

``` Drug allergy narrow eye glaucoma CVD, HTN Diabetes hyperthyrodisim long standing asthma ```

Question 40

Topical nasal adregenic

Answer 40

phenylephrine

Question 41

Oral adrenergic

Answer 41

Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)