Antibiotic Drugs Flashcards
Antibiotic drugs we are always using
Preventative therapy
s/s of infection do not improve within 72 hours; need to change regimen
Subtherapeutic response
Two broad classes of antibiotics that cause allergic reactions
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
s/s of C. diff
watery diarrhea abdominal cramps p!/tenderness Pus or mucus in stool Nausea Dehydration
Sulfa is combined with
trimethoprim
Sulfas need to be avoided in patients with
G6PD & slow acetylation
Penicillin & amoxicillin is given with
water & 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals
but may also need to take with a snack bc of GI upset
Sulfisoxazole combined with erythromycin is usually given for
children
Ceftriaxone, a cephalosporin, is so effective it can
eradicate infection in one injection
Ceftriaxone, a cephalosporin, it does what to intestine
Metabolizes after biliary excretion
Imipenem, carbapenems, has what in the IM form?
Lidocaine (watch out for)
treatment of infection of GI & respiratory tracts, skin
Erythromycin; macrolides
Doxycycline (tetracycline) treats what?
Rocky mountain fever
Chlamydil
gram negative organisms
Prevention:
anthrax; malaria
Carbapenems are used when there is a complicated what?
connective tissue infection in acutely ill patients
With macrolides; assess what?
cardiac function & VS
patients younger than 8 should not take
tetracyclines; permanent mottling & discoloration of teeth
trough level greater than 2 mcg/ml for amino glycoside (gentamycin) =
higher risk for ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
Clyndamcyin do not give what?
IV push
Report if pt has what when taking ahminoglycosides (gentamycin) ?
changes in hearing; ringing in ears full feeling in ears
Antibiotic for UTI
Nitrofurantoin
What should you be careful with when taking Nitrofurantion?
impaired renal function; may cause fetal hepatotoxicity
Clindamycin treats what?
Chronic bone infection
GU infections
Intraabdominal infections
Linezoild (zyvox) treats what?
Hospital acquired & skin structure infections; MRSA
hypotension
Amoxicilins treat what?
infections in ear; nose; throat; GU tract; skin& skin structures
Quinolones; take what supplements 1 hr before or aftert taking this drug?
calcium
Magnesium
Caution what drug when taking quinolone?
Oral anticoagulants
If Clindamycin gets in eyes–
wash out with cool tap water
What foods to avoid while taking Linezolid?
Red wine
Aged cheeses
Avoid what when taking metronidazole?
alcohol
Ask pt to report what when taking Nitro?
Abdominal cramping
dizziness
severe skin reaction
jaundice
Linezolid aka
VRE
