Antifungals / Antiparasitics / Antivirals Flashcards
______ refers to an infection caused by fungus
Mycosis
Fungi are ______
Eukaryotic
What are the causes of candida albicans? (3)
- Antibiotics
- Antineoplastics
- Immunosuppressants
Onychomycoses affects the ______
Nail bed
Tinea capititis affects the ______
Scalp
Tinea cruris affects the ______
Groin
Tinea pedis affects the ______
Feet
What is the primary indication of Amphotericin B?
Fungal infections
What are the side effects of Amphotericin B? (3)
- Fever
- Hypotension
- Muscle / joint pain
What are the adverse effects of Amphotericin B? (2)
- Nephrotoxicity
- Hypokalemia
Amphotericin B treatment takes ______
6 - 8 weeks
Amphotericin B is recommended to be administered with ______ to decrease renal impact
IVF
Describe the monitoring associated with Amphotericin B (2)
- Renal function
- Potassium
______ provides broad fungal coverage
fluconazole (Diflucan)
What is the primary indication of fluconazole (Diflucan)?
Fungal infections
What is the primary benefit associated with fluconazole (Diflucan)?
Great bioavailability
What is the primary side effect associated with fluconazole (Diflucan)?
GI complications
What is the primary adverse effect associated with fluconazole (Diflucan)?
Liver impairment
What is the primary indication of ketoconazole (Nizoral)?
Fungal infections
What are the adverse effects of ketoconazole (Nizoral)? (5)
- Hepatotoxicity
- Cardiovascular events
- Thrombocytopenia
- Hemolytic anemia
- Leukopenia
What drug interactions decrease absorption of ketoconazole (Nizoral)? (3)
- Antacids
- H2 antagonists
- Proton pump inhibitors
What drug interactions increase risk of ketoconazole (Nizoral) toxicity? (3)
- Digoxin
- Warfarin
- Sulfonylureas
What is the primary topical antifungal? (not systemic)
nystatin (Mycostatin)
What types of fungal infections is nystatin (Mycostatin) used to treat? (3)
- Cutaneous
- Intestinal
- Oral
Since antifungals are metabolized by cytochrome P450, they are …
Highly protein bound - many interactions