antidysrrythmias

Question 1

dyssrythmias can develop when ?

Answer 1

association with many conditions
After MI, cardiac surgery, or as a result of CAD
Disturbances of cardiac rhythm are the result of abnormally functioning cardiac cell

Question 2

shifting of electrolytes will change ?

Answer 2

The excitability in the cell

Question 3

The electrical impulse leads to

Answer 3

contraction of the myocardial muscle

Question 4

what are Supraventricular dysrhythmias

Answer 4

Originate above the ventricles in SA or AV node or atrial myocardium, QRS complex will be narrow

Question 5

what are Ventricular dysrhythmias

Answer 5

Originate below the AV node in the His-Purkinje system or ventricular myocardium- we would defibrillate in this case , easy to get people back from this

Question 6

what is ectopic foci ?

Answer 6

pre mature contractions- when there is firing of a cell too early

PACS, PJCS, PVCs

Question 7

why are we concerned about R on T ?

Answer 7

disruption of all of the conduction

Question 8

what is a conduction block ?

Answer 8

Dysrhythmias that involve the disruption of impulse conduction between the atria and ventricles
- seen with old hearts

Question 9

what is A fib ?

Question 10

contraindications of antidysrrthimc drugs

Answer 10

Known drug allergy
Second- or third-degree AV block, bundle branch block, cardiogenic shock, sick sinus syndrome, and any other ECG changes depending on the clinical judgment of a cardiologist.
Other antidysrhythmic drugs

• block a a postive ion from getting into cell we will be changing the action potential

Question 11

MONA

Answer 11

morphine, oxygen, nitro, asprin- what should be given for a heart attack

Question 12

adverse effects of antidysthymics

Answer 12

Hypersensitivity reactions
Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
Dizziness
Headache and blurred vision
Prolongation of the QT interval - repolarization would be slower

Question 13

what is procainamide ?

Answer 13

Pronestyl : atrial and ventricular tachydysrhythmias
Significant adverse effects: include ventricular dysrhythmias, blood disorders, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)–like syndrome, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, leukopenia, maculopapular rash, flushing, and torsades de pointes resulting from prolongation of the QT interval

Question 14

contraindications of pronestyl ?

Answer 14

known hypersensitivity, heart block, and SLE

Question 15

what is the action of lidocaine ?

Answer 15

raises the ventricular fibrillation threshold, used for cardiac irritability , very possible to overdose on lidocaine

Question 16

adverse effects of lidocaine ?

Answer 16

Significant adverse effects: twitching, convulsions, confusion, respiratory depression or arrest, hypotension, bradycardia, and dysrhythmias

Question 17

contraindications of lidocaine

Answer 17

hypersensitive, severe SA or atrioventricular (AV) intraventricular block, or Stokes-Adams or Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome

Question 18

beta blockers - severe bradycardia ( less than 60) dont give betablocker

Question 19

what is atenolol

Answer 19

Cardioselective beta blocker; preferentially blocks the beta1-adrenergic receptors that are located primarily in the heart

Noncardioselective beta blockers block not only the beta1-adrenergic receptors in the heart but also the beta2-adrenergic receptors in the lungs and therefore can exacerbate pre-existing asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Question 20

Amiodarone

Answer 20

wide complex tachycardia or ventriciuar dysrythmias , potentiates digoxin ( makes digoxin much stronger so

Question 21

what is diltizem ?

Question 22

what is adenosine ?

Answer 22

• will see asystole for a short amount of time after the drug is pushed

Slows conduction through the AV node
Used to convert PSVT to sinus rhythm
Very short half-life—less than 10 seconds
Only administered as fast intravenous (IV) push
May cause asystole for a few seconds
Other adverse effects are minimal

Question 23

nursing implciations of dysthrymias ?

Answer 23

Obtain a thorough drug and medical history.
Measure baseline blood pressure (BP), pulse, input and output, and cardiac rhythm.
Measure serum potassium levels before initiating therapy.

During therapy, monitor cardiac rhythm, heart rate, BP, general well-being, skin color, temperature, and heart and lung sounds.
Assess plasma drug levels as indicated.
Monitor for toxic effects.

Question 24

administration of lidocaine should only be given as an IV

Answer 24

False , they should not be given as an IV and only as a local aesthetic