Antidiarrhoeals Flashcards
What is the management of diarrhoea
- Nonspecific therapy
a) oral and parental rehydration
b) anti-motility and anti-secretory agents - specific therapy: antimicrobial agents
Name anti-motility and anti-secretory agents
- Opioids
- alpha adrenergic receptor agonist
- octreotide
- Racecadotril
What are the functions of ORS
- Decreases stool volume and vomiting
- effective in Cholera
- useful in heat stroke
- maintenance of hydration in burn patients
- severe diarrhoea with dehydration
Name DRUGS of anti-motility and anti-secretory agents
- Codeine
- Diphenoxylate
- loperamide
- clonidine
- octreotide
- Racecadotril
ciprofloxacin can be used for which diarrhoeal infections
- Shigella
- salmonella
- Complylobacter jejuni
- E. Coli
Which Anti-diarrheal drug can be used to treat vibrio cholera
- Doxycycline 10 MG BD x five days
Metronidazole is effective in patients with which bacterial diarrhoea infections
- Clostridium difficile
- Giardia lamblia
What is the treatment of antidiarrhoeals for entamoeba histolytica
Metronidazole 400 MG TDS
Diloxanide furate 500 MG TDS x 7 days
What are the alternative is used in shigella
- ampicillin
- ofloxacin
- cotrimoxazole
What are alternative drug is used in salmonella
- Ceftriaxone
- levofloxacin
- ofloxacin
- Cefoperazone
What are the alternative drugs for compylobacter jejuni
- Erythromycin
- doxycycline
What are the alternative drugs used for vibrio cholera
Ciprofloxacin
What are the alternative drugs used for E. coli
- Cotramoxazole
- Rifamixin
Clostridium difficile Alternative drug are which ones
Vancomycin
What is the alternative drug for entamoeba histolytica
Tinidizole
Alternative drugs used to treat giardia lamblia are 
- Tinidazole
- Paromomycin
- Nitazoxanide 
What are the side effects of diphenoxylate
- Paralytic ileus
- constipation
- drug addiction
What is the maximum dose of loperamide
16 mg in 24 hours
4 mg stat
2 mg after each loose stool
What are the toxic effects of loperamide
- Skin rashes
- headache
- paralytic ileus
Which drug increases intraluminal pressure and should be avoided in IBD
Loperamide
Octreotide Inhibits secretion of which substances
1, Vasoactive intestinal peptide
2. 5HT
3. gastrin
4. insulin
Which drug can be used to treat diarrhoea in patients with aids 
Octreotide
Which drug inhibits enkephalinase inhibitor increases the concentration of enkephalins 
Racecadotril
