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G.I. pharmacology > Antidiarrhoeals > Flashcards

Antidiarrhoeals Flashcards

1
Q

What is the management of diarrhoea

A
  1. Nonspecific therapy
    a) oral and parental rehydration
    b) anti-motility and anti-secretory agents
  2. specific therapy: antimicrobial agents
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2
Q

Name anti-motility and anti-secretory agents

A
  1. Opioids
  2. alpha adrenergic receptor agonist
  3. octreotide
  4. Racecadotril
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3
Q

What are the functions of ORS

A
  1. Decreases stool volume and vomiting
  2. effective in Cholera
  3. useful in heat stroke
  4. maintenance of hydration in burn patients
  5. severe diarrhoea with dehydration
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4
Q

Name DRUGS of anti-motility and anti-secretory agents

A
  1. Codeine
  2. Diphenoxylate
  3. loperamide
  4. clonidine
  5. octreotide
  6. Racecadotril
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5
Q

ciprofloxacin can be used for which diarrhoeal infections

A
  1. Shigella
  2. salmonella
  3. Complylobacter jejuni
  4. E. Coli
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6
Q

Which Anti-diarrheal drug can be used to treat vibrio cholera

A
  1. Doxycycline 10 MG BD x five days
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7
Q

Metronidazole is effective in patients with which bacterial diarrhoea infections

A
  1. Clostridium difficile
  2. Giardia lamblia
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8
Q

What is the treatment of antidiarrhoeals for entamoeba histolytica

A

Metronidazole 400 MG TDS
Diloxanide furate 500 MG TDS x 7 days

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9
Q

What are the alternative is used in shigella

A
  1. ampicillin
  2. ofloxacin
  3. cotrimoxazole
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10
Q

What are alternative drug is used in salmonella

A
  1. Ceftriaxone
  2. levofloxacin
  3. ofloxacin
  4. Cefoperazone
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11
Q

What are the alternative drugs for compylobacter jejuni

A
  1. Erythromycin
  2. doxycycline
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12
Q

What are the alternative drugs used for vibrio cholera

A

Ciprofloxacin

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13
Q

What are the alternative drugs used for E. coli

A
  1. Cotramoxazole
  2. Rifamixin
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14
Q

Clostridium difficile Alternative drug are which ones

A

Vancomycin

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15
Q

What is the alternative drug for entamoeba histolytica

A

Tinidizole

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16
Q

Alternative drugs used to treat giardia lamblia are 

A
  1. Tinidazole
  2. Paromomycin
  3. Nitazoxanide 
17
Q

What are the side effects of diphenoxylate

A
  1. Paralytic ileus
  2. constipation
  3. drug addiction
18
Q

What is the maximum dose of loperamide

A

16 mg in 24 hours
4 mg stat
2 mg after each loose stool

19
Q

What are the toxic effects of loperamide

A
  1. Skin rashes
  2. headache
  3. paralytic ileus
20
Q

Which drug increases intraluminal pressure and should be avoided in IBD

A

Loperamide

21
Q

Octreotide Inhibits secretion of which substances

A

1, Vasoactive intestinal peptide
2. 5HT
3. gastrin
4. insulin

22
Q

Which drug can be used to treat diarrhoea in patients with aids 

A

Octreotide

23
Q

Which drug inhibits enkephalinase inhibitor increases the concentration of enkephalins 

A

Racecadotril

G.I. pharmacology (5 decks)

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