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Farmacologia > Antidiabeticos > Flashcards

Antidiabeticos Flashcards

1
Q

Tratamiento diabetes

A 
Oral ADO:
Sulfonilureas
Biguanidas
A cabosa
Tiazolidindionas
Metiglinidas

Parenteral ADP: insulina y analogos

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2
Q

Sulfonilureas que son

A

Secretagogos, hipoglucemiantesnormoglucenicas

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3
Q

Mecanismo sulfonilureas

A

Estimulan celulas B liberar insulina
Mas receptores
Menos glucogenoLISIS

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4
Q

Clasificacion sulfonilureas

A

1 gen
2 gen
3 gen

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5
Q

1 gen sulfonilureas

A

Tolbutamida
Clorpropamida
Tolazamida
Acetohexamida

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6
Q

2 gen sulfonilureas

A

Glicazida

Glibenclamida (glipicida)

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7
Q

3 gen sulfonilureas

A

Glimepirida

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8
Q

Sulfonilureas de accion corta

A

6-12 hrs
Tolbutamida
Acetohexamida

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9
Q

Sulfonilureas accion intermedia

A

12-24 hrs

Glibelnclamida

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10
Q

Sulfonilureas accion prolongada

A

24-72 hrs
Cloropopamida
Glimepirida

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11
Q

Sulfonilureas indicaciones

A

Tipo 2 que no responde a dieta, peso normal

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12
Q

Sulfonilureas toxicidad

A 
Alergias fiebres urticaria
Snc
Digestivos
Hepatitis
Anemia
Hipoplasia medula
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13
Q

Contraindicaciones sulfonilureas

A 
Hepaticas
Coma
Cetoacidosis
Cirugia
Intolerancia al alcohol con cloropropamida
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14
Q

Clasificacion biguanidas

A

Metformina

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15
Q

Accines biguanidas

A

No disminuyen normoglucemia

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16
Q

Mecanismo biguanidas

A 
Consumo histico de glucosa
Inhibe absorcion glucosa
Inhibe glucoNEOgenesis
Mas receptores
Mas utilizacion de glucosa
Glicolisis aerobica
Favorece autofosforilacion de glucosa
Anorexia
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17
Q

Indicaciones biguanidas

A

Dm 2
Obesos que fallo sulfonilureas
Hiperinsulinismo

18
Q

Contraindicaciones biguanidas

A

Igual que sulfonilureas
Insuf renal, resp, cardi
Embarazo

19
Q

Toxicidad biguanidas

A

Acidosis lactica

20
Q

A carbosa que es

A

Origen microbiano

Disminuye posprandial

21
Q

A carbosa mecanismo

A

Inhibe amilasa alfa pancreatica, alfa glucosidasa

Retarda degradacion y absorcion glucosa

22
Q

Indicaciones a carbosa

A

Dm2

23
Q

Toxicidad a carbosa

A

Hipoglucemia

Flatulencia

24
Q

Tiazolidinedionas TZD

A

Rosiglitazona
Pioglitazona
Acciones 3-4 sem

25
Q

TZD mecanismo

A

Receptor PPARg (receptor activado por proliferador de peroxisomas gamma)
Sensibilizan a insulina
Menos glucognesis y glucoNEOgenesis

26
Q

TZD Puede combinarse con

A

Sulfo y insulina

27
Q

Tzd toxicidad

A

Hepato

28
Q

Metiglinidas

A

Repaglinida

Nateglinida

29
Q

Mecanismo metiglinidas

A

Inhiben canales K
Mas ca
Desplazan granlos insulina
Secretagogos

30
Q

Son secretagogos

A

Sulfonilureas

Metiglinidas

31
Q

Analogos insulina

A

Lispro
Glargina
Aspart

32
Q

Mecanismo insulina

A

Receptor glut 1-5
Se autofosforila
Tarsporte al interior
Glucosa a glucosa 6 fosfato luego a ATP para ciclo krebs

33
Q

Isulinas segun tiempo

A 
Ultra rap
Simple rapida o regular
Intermedia
Prolongada
Ultralenta
30/70
34
Q

Insulina ultra rap
Efecto
Duracion
Indicacion

A 
Lispro y aspart
Iv 1 min subcut 5
4 hrs
Dm1 y dm2
Urgencia
35
Q

Simple rapida o regular

A 
Humulin
Iv 1 min
Subcut 30
6 hrs
Casos graves: coma cetoacidosis cirugia
36
Q

Accion intermedia

A 
Insulina nph (neutral protemine hagesorn)
Subcut 1 hr
10 hrs
Dm 1
Gestacion
37
Q

Prolongada

A

Con zinc protaminda (IZP)
Subcut 2 hrs
24 hrs
Dm1

38
Q

Ultralenta

A 
Glargina
Estable
Subcut 2 hrs
36 hrs
Dm1 y 2
39
Q

30/70

A

Rapida o reg 30 mas nph 70
Subc 30 min
24 hrs
Dm 1 y 2

40
Q

Toxicidad insulina

A 
Fenomeno somogy
Resistencia infeccion trauma obesidad antiinsulina (cambiar)
Lipodistrofia local fibrosis
Coma
Muerte 
Urticaria (cambiar insu)
Shock
41
Q

Fenomeno de somogy

A

Por insulina

Glucosa se eleva poe adrenalina y glucagon

Farmacologia (7 decks)

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