Anticonvulsants and anxiolytics: Benzodiazepines Flashcards

1
Q

What are the indications for benzodiazepines ?

A
  • Anxiolytic and anticonvulsant
  • Hypnotic and anaesthetic
  • Withdrawal syndrome.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the chemical structure of benzodiazepine ?

A

It is composed of a Benzene ring and a diazepine ring.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the short acting benzodiazepines ?

A

ATOM
Alprazolam
Triazolam
Oxazepam
Midazolam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the intermediate acting benzodiazepines ?

A

Temazepam
Lorazepam
Clonazepam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the long acting benzodiazepines ?

A

Chlordiazepoxide
Diazepam
Flurazepam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the MOA of benzodiazepines ?

A

They bind to the benzodiazepine binding site located b/w the alpha 1 and gama 2 subunits of GABA -A receptors of the post synaptic neurones and increase the frequency of Cl- channel opening.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the dose dependent effects of barbiturates ?

A

Low= Sedation, disinhibition, and anxiolysis
Medium = Hypnosis
High = Anaesthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the treatment of choice for status epilepticus ?

A

Benzodiazepines.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why is benzodiazepines used to treat alcohol withdrawal symptoms ?

A

since they both act on the same GABA-A receptors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Benzodiazepines are used as second line treatment for what condition?

A

Eclampsia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Benzodiazepines Midazolam can cause _________.

A

Anterograde amnesia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the antedote for benzodiazepine overdose ?

A

Flumazinle through competitive antagonism of benzodiazepine binding sites.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the benzodiazepines that can be used in patients with liver disease ?

A

Lorazepam, oxazepam, and Temazepam as they are not metabolised by CYP450 but through glucuronidation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the contraindications for benzodiazepines ?

A
  • Myasythenia Gravis.
  • respiratory insufficiency
  • Severe liver impairment
  • acute narrow angle glaucoma and untreated open angle glaucoma.
  • Pregnancy and breast feeding.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Osmosis Link to Anticonvulsants and anxiolytics: Benzodiazepines

A

https://www.osmosis.org/learn/Anticonvulsants_and_anxiolytics:_Benzodiazepines?from=/pa/foundational-sciences/pharmacology-and-pharmacotherapeutics/neurologic-system/anticonvulsants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Statpearls link to Anticonvulsants and anxiolytics: Benzodiazepines

A

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470159/