Anticonvulsants

Question 1

this is the most common drug for long term control of seizures

Answer 1

phenobarbital

Question 2

which drugs displace phenobarbital from proteins? (2)

Answer 2

• aspirins

- sulfonamides

Question 3

this is highly protein bound

Answer 3

phenobarbital

Question 4

this drug is commonly used in conjunction with pheno to control seizures. it can be used alone, but if the patient is having a problem with pheno, you’re able to decrease the amount of pheno (kind of like combining anesthetics)

Answer 4

potassium bromide

Question 5

this can interact with many other drugs

Answer 5

phenobarbital

Question 6

this is the drug of choice for emergency treatment of convulsing animals (active seizures)

Answer 6

diazepam + midazolam

Question 7

with this drug, the therapeutic range varies between individuals

Answer 7

phenobarbital

Question 8

this drug causes no changes to blood counts

Answer 8

potassium bromide

Question 9

this drug is very effective when given IV

Answer 9

diazepam + midazolam

Question 10

this drug can cause sedation, incoordination, and lethargy for the first few days - supposed to go away as the liver gets familiar with metabolizing it

Answer 10

phenobarbital

Question 11

therapeutic drug concentration monitoring (blood work) is necessary for this drug to make sure you have enough in the system to protect against seizures

Answer 11

phenobarbital

Question 12

this drug can be given rectally during a seizure if oyu can’t hit a vein

Answer 12

diazepam + midazolam

Question 13

this is metabolized in the liver by the same enzymes that metabolize other vet drugs (glucocorticoids, phenylbutazone, chloramphenicol)

Answer 13

phenobarbital

Question 14

of phenobarbital and potassium bromide, which is the safer of the two?

Answer 14

potassium bromide

Question 15

good blood therapeutic range of phenobarbital

Answer 15

16-32 mcg

Question 16

this drug is rapidly metabolized by the liver - has a short duration

Answer 16

diazepam + midazolam

Question 17

why can’t some patients tolerate phenobarbital?

Answer 17

effect on liver - liver disease - check blood liver enzyme levels

Question 18

this drug’s effect is poor if given orally

Answer 18

diazepam + midazolam

Question 19

which drug do you need to check the blood for liver enzyme levels?

Answer 19

phenobarbital

Question 20

this drug has a narrow therapeutic index

Answer 20

potassium bromide

Question 21

with this drug, levels in the blood need to be measured periodically because it can cause GI irritation or sedation with toxicity

Answer 21

potassium bromide - its narrow therapeutic index can play a role in this

Question 22

this drug is an appetite stimulant and helps with urine marking and anxiety in cats

Answer 22

diazepam + midazolam

Question 23

this drug doesn’t damage the liver

Answer 23

potassium bromide

Question 24

this drug is absorbed, goes to the CNS, and is slowly eliminated via urine/kidney without being metabolized

Answer 24

potassium bromide

Question 25

this drug is available as a powder that is mixed with dextrose or corn syrup for oral admin

Answer 25

potassium bromide

Question 26

with this drug, a loading dose and therapeutic drug concentration monitoring are necessary

Answer 26

potassium bromide