anticoagulant drugs

Question 1

name the three naturally occuring anti coagulants

Answer 1

-serine protease inhibitors
-protein C
-protein S

Question 2

what drug for acute situations

Answer 2

heparin

Question 3

what does heparin act on

Answer 3

thrombin and activated factor X

Question 4

how do we monitor unfractioned heparin

Answer 4

APTT
-very important !!!!!!!

Question 5

complications of heparins

Answer 5

-BLEEDING
-heparin induced thrombocytopenia - monitor FBCs
-osteoporosis with long term use

Question 6

how do you reverse heparin

Answer 6

-stop the heparin (for unfractionated it can disappear very quickly as short half life)

if severe bleeding
-protamine sulphate reverses effect

Question 7

what type of anticoagulant is warfarin

Answer 7

coumarin

Question 8

what factors are dependent on vitamin K

Answer 8

II, VII, IX and X
-also protein C and S

Question 9

warfarin mechanism of action

Answer 9

antagonist of vitamin K in the liver so it can’t make the clotting factors

Question 10

how is warfarin monitored

Answer 10

INR

Question 11

warfarin reversal

Answer 11

Question 12

speed of action of administering vitamin K for bleeding

Answer 12

6 hours