Antibiotics that affect protein synthesis Flashcards
1
Q
Which 3 antibiotic groups work by affecting protein synthesis?
A
- Tetracyclines
- Macrolides
- Aminoglycosides
2
Q
Tetracyclines
Prototype
A
Tetracycline
3
Q
Tetracyclines
Other examples
A
doxycycline
minocycline
demeclocycline
4
Q
Tetracyclines
Pharmacologic action
A
Broad-spectrum antibiotics that prevent protein synthesis (bacteriostatic)
5
Q
Tetracyclines
Therapeutic uses
A
- Acne vulgaris
- Periodontal disease
- Rickettsial infections
- Chlamydia
- Mycoplasma pneumonia
- Lyme disease
- Anthrax
- GI infections due to H. pylori
6
Q
Tetracyclines
Complications
A
- GI upset
- Tooth discoloration
- Hepatotoxicity
- Photosensitivity
- Suprainfection
- Dizziness
7
Q
Tetracyclines
Contraindications
A
Pregnancy risk category D (stain temporary teeth of baby)
8
Q
Tetracyclines
Precautions
A
- Liver and kidney disease
- (doxycycline and minocycline are excreted by the liver so these are safe for kidney disease)
9
Q
Tetracyclines
Interactions
A
- Interaction with milk products, iron supplements, magnesium laxatives, and antacids (reduce absorption of tetracyclines)
- Decrease effectiveness of contraceptives
- Increase risk of digoxin toxicity
10
Q
Macrolides
Prototype
A
Erythromycin
11
Q
Other macrolides
A
Azithromycin
12
Q
Macrolides
Pharmacologic action
A
Slows growth of bacteria by inhibiting protein synthesis, but is bacteriocidal at high doses
13
Q
Macrolides
Therapeutic Uses
A
- Rheumatic fever and bacterial endocarditis prophylaxis
- Legionnaires’s disease, pertussis, and acute diphtheria
- chlamydia, penumponia, and strep
14
Q
Macrolides
Complications
A
- GI upset
- Prolonged QT intervals (dysrhythmias and sudden cardiac death)
- Ototoxicity with high dose therapy
15
Q
Macrolides
Contraindications
A
- Liver disease
- QT prolongation
