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Pharmacology > Antibiotics I: Principles of Antimicrobial Pharmacology > Flashcards

Antibiotics I: Principles of Antimicrobial Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

suppresses bacterial cell proliferation; depends on host immune system to clear infection

A

bacteriostatic

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2
Q

direct bacterial cell death; dependent on active bacterial proliferation

A

bactericidal

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3
Q

anaerobes are resistant to…

A

aminoglycosides (O2-dependent drugs)

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4
Q

aerobes are resistant to…

A

metronidazole (requires enzymatic reduction in absence of O2)

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5
Q

2 types of drugs that cannot penetrate outer membrane of G- bacteria

A

Standard penicillin (lipophilic) and vancomycin (high MW)

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6
Q

Drugs with highest risk of CDAD

A

clindamycin, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones (and ampicillin)

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7
Q

Drugs used to treat CDAD (2)

A

Metronidazole, Vancomycin

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8
Q

Antibiotics whose dose should be reduced in patients with decreased kidney function (7)

A 
Aminoglycosides
Vancomycin
Cephalosporins (1st and 2nd)
Sulfonamides/Rrimethoprim
Extended-spectrum penicillins
Carbapenems
Ethambutol
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9
Q

Antibiotics whose dose should be reduced in patients with decreased liver function (7)

A 
Clindamycin
Macrolides
Chloramphenicol
Tetracyclines
Metronidazole
Isoniazid
Rifampin
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10
Q

Pregnancy Category D

A

Aminoglycosides

Tetracyclines

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11
Q

Drug causing kernicterus in nursing infants

A

Sulfonamides

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12
Q

Inhibitors of cell wall transpeptidation (cell wall)

A

Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Carbapenems

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13
Q

Inhibitors of murein precursor synthesis (cell wall)

A

Fosfomycin
Glycopeptides
Bacitracin

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14
Q

Inhibitors of my colic acid synthesis (cell wall)

A

Isoniazid
Ethambutol
Pyrazinamide

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15
Q

Inhibition of protein synthesis by binding to 30S ribosomal subunit

A

Aminoglycosides

Tetracyclines

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16
Q

Inhibition of protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunit

A 
Macrolides
Chloramphenicol
Streptogramins
Oxazolidinones
Clindamycin
17
Q

Interfere with folic acid metabolism

A

Sulfonamides

Trimethoprim

18
Q

Inhibition of DNA gyrase

A

Fluoroquinolones

19
Q

Inhibition of RNA polymerase

A

Rifampin

20
Q

Cationic detergets

A

Polymyxins

21
Q

MOA: plasma membrane depolarization

A

Cyclic lipopeptides

22
Q

Bacteriostatic Agents (8)

A 
Chloramphenicol
Clindamycin
Ethambutol
Macrolides
Oxazolidinones
Sulfonamides
Tetracyclines
Trimethoprim

Pharmacology (11 decks)

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