Antibiotics Flashcards
Aerobic bacteria
Use oxygen to generate energy
More common
Replicate faster
More pathogenic
Anaerobic bacteria
Don’t use oxygen to generate energy
Cause secondary infections after aerobic bacteria uses up oxygen
Anaerobic bacterial infections are problematic to treat because…
They occur in areas of the body that aren’t getting enough blood, and antibiotics travel via blood stream
Gram negative bacteria have a…which contains…which is a problem because they are…
more developed outer layer
polysaccharides
endotoxins
Bacteriocidal antibiotics
Kill bacteria by destroying the cell wall
Bacteriostatic antibiotics
Prevent replication of bacteria
Drug resistance is…
Induced antiobiotic resistance in an originally sensitive bacteria - bacteria breaks apart antibiotic
How can resistance be prevented? How does this work?
Add a beta-lactamase inhibitor to the original antibiotic. This keeps the enzyme busy so antibiotic isn’t metabolised by bacteria.
What are 3 factors promoting multi-drug resistance?
- Patient transfer (notes, bedding)
- Open nursing
- Non-compliance to hygiene protocols
What are 5 forms of resistant microbe?
- MRSA
- VRE (gastro)
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa (resp)
- C. diff (gastro)
- E. coli (intestinal)
What are 4 side effects of antibiotic use?
- Destroys gut flora -> allows absorption of vit B12 and K ->can cause anaemia
- Resistance
- Allergy
- Renal or hepatic toxicity
… and … should be given at least 2 hours from antibiotics because they contain … , … and … which …
Laxatives and antacids
calcium, aluminium, and magnesium
Erythromycin interacts with which 3 drug types?
- Antihistamins
- Antipsychotics
- Antiarrythmics
… and … given together can cause hearing problems
Aminoglycoside and furosemide
Teicobactin
New antibiotic
Effective against gram positive microbes
Inhibits formation of type II lipids involved in peptidoglycan production
More resistant to mutation - effects lipids not proteins
