Adverse drug reactions

Question 1

Type A

Answer 1

Augmented - exaggeration of normal drug effect

Predictable, common, not serious

Question 2

Type B

Answer 2

Bizarre - novel response from drug

Idiosyncratic, rare, serious

Question 3

Causes of Type A reactions (pharmacodynamic and pharmokinetic)

Answer 3

Bioavailability or absorption
Caused by excipients or manufactoring methods
Pharmacodynamic - altered target organ sensitivity or homeostatic mechanisms
Pharmokinetic - altered GI absorption, varied renal/hepatic function, varied presystemic metabolism

Question 4

Causes of Type B reactions (pharmacodynamic and pharmokinetic)

Answer 4

Product of chemical synthesis or degradation products
Caused by pharmaceutical components
Pharmacodynamic - genetic abnormalities
Pharmokinetic - formation of unusual metabolites, immune-mediated