Antibiotics Flashcards
Name 3 antibiotic classes that act on the cell wall?
Penicillins
Cephlasporins
Glycopeptides
How do penicillins work?
Inhibit cell wall synthesis and are bacteriacidal
Do penicllincs mainly work on gram negative or gram positive bacteria
Mainly gram positive but some also have gram negative cover
What do cephlasporins work on?
Stop cell wall synthesis. Broad spectrum antibiotis - slightly more against gram positive but effective against both
What are example of glycopeptide antibiotics?
Vancomycin
What are glycopeptides principally effective against?
Gram positive cocci
How do glycopeptides work?
Disruption of peptidoglycan synthesis which disrupts cell wall synthesis
How are macrolides (erythromyicn, clarithromycin) excreted?
Liver, biliar tract and gut (not urine)
What two
antibiotic groups inhibit protein synthesis
Macrolides
Amnioglycosides (Gentamicin)
What is gentamicin effective against?
Gram negative aerobic- serious gram negative infection
What is metronidazole effective against?
True anaerobes
Which antibiotics act on bacterial DNA?
Metronidazole
Trimethoprim
Fluroquinolonees
Why don’t you use trimethoprim in early pregnancy ?
It inhibits folic acid synthesis
What is the only oral antibiotic that is effective against pseudomonas?
Fluroquinolones (levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin)
What antibiotics cause deafness?
Gentamicin
