Antibiotics Flashcards
Natural penicillin w/ good oral bioavailability
Pen V
IV/IM administered natural penicillins
Pen G
Phenoxymethyl penicillin
Pen V
Benzyl penicillin
Pen G
aka Antistaphylococcal penicillins
Isoxazolyl penicillins
Prototype of Isoxazolyl penicillins
Methicillin (withdrawn due to nephrotoxicity)
penicillins w/ increased G (-) coverage and increased G (-) penetration
Extended spectrum penicillins
Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, and Bacampicillin are examples of what type of extended spectrum penicillins?
Amino penicillins
Carbenicillin and Ticarcillin are examples of what type of extended spectrum penicillins?
Carboxy penicillins
“PAM”
Piper, Azlo, and Mezlo (cillin) are examples of what type of extended spectrum penicillins?
Ureidopenicillins
Enumarate 4 sub classification of BETA LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS
CLUE: PCMC
- Penicillins
- Cephalosporins
- Monobactam
- Carbapenems
Type of extended spectrum penicillin w/ activity for Pseudomonas infections.
Carboxypenicillins like Carbe and Ticar (cillin)
Widest spectrum among beta lactam antibiotics
Carbapenems
Only monobactam
Aztreonam [only effective for aerobic G(-)]
Prophylaxis to the AE of vancomycin w/c is the red man syndrome
Diphenhydramine IV
Semisynthetic lipogylcopeptide derived from Vancomycin
Telavancin
Semisynthetic lipogylcopeptide derived from teicoplanin
Dalbavancin
2nd line agent for M. Tuberculosis resistant to the 1st line
Cycloserine
Topical polypeptide
Bacitracin
2 general types of antibiotics that inhibit 30S ribosomal subunit
- Tetracyclines
2. Aminoglycosides
Chem structure: Naphthacene ring
Tetracycline
Chem structure: large lactone ring
Macrolides
Alternative to pxs allergic to B-lactam antibiotics
Macrolides
“Methylated erythromycin”
Clarithromycin
Macrolide w/ excellent distribution to body tissues + Longer half life + Once a day dosing only
Azithromycin
Sulfated antibiotic
Lincosamides- Lincomycin
Derma’s fave
Tx for skin and soft tissue infection caused by normal flora of the skin (staph and strep)
Clindamycin
Ratio of streptogramins
70A:30B
A- Daltopristin
B- Quinapristin
Chem: Isonicotinic hydrazide
Isoniazid (INH)
Chem: PABA-like
Sulfonamides
Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethroprim =
Cotrimoxazole
Sulfadiazine + Pyrimethamine =
Darafrin
Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine =
Fansidar