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Lung > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Penicillin MOA, and spectrum?

A

Binds PBP
bacteriocidal
Gram + and Neisseria

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2
Q

Penicillin G vs V?

A 
V = oral
G = IV, if non-compliant or cant take orally
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3
Q

What drugs must be avoided if penicillin allergy?

A

Beta-lactams
- Cillins
- Carbapenams
Cephalosporins

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4
Q

Amoxacillin vs. Penicillin?

A

Amoxacillin has a wider spectrum along with more toxicity

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5
Q

What do you use if penicillin allergy?

A

Macrolide

  • Azithromycin
  • Erythromycin
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6
Q

Macrolide MOA and spectrum?

A

Binds 23S ribosome
Bacteriostatic
+ and - + atypical pneumonia

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7
Q

Resistance to Macrolides?

A

Efflux upregulation

Methylation of ribosome

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8
Q

SE of macrolides?

A

GI tox
QT elongation
CYP inhibition

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9
Q

Macrolide that is associated with miscarriages?

A

Clarithromycin

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10
Q

What are causes of treatment failure in strep throat?

A
  1. Resistance (More common in macrolides)
  2. Non-compliance
  3. Other organisms secreting beta-lactamase
  4. pyogenes in epithelial cells
  5. Viral cause
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11
Q

TX for strep pyogenes infection?

A
  1. = Penicillin
  2. = Amoxacilling
  3. Allergic = Macrolides (erythromycin)
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12
Q

Antigenic Drift vs Shift?

A 
Drift = Change in Ab-bind site due to POINT MUTATION
Shift = Change in Surface protein due to acquiring new genetic information
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13
Q

Who gets anti-virals for influenza?

A 
Severely Ill
>65 year olds
<2 yr olds
Pregnant women
Chronic illness
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14
Q

Adamatine is used when?

A

Not at all anymore due to resistance

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15
Q

Neuraminidase inhibitors?

A

Zanamivir

Oseltamivir

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16
Q

What ages get Zanamivir vs. Oseltamivir?

A

Oseltamivir can be used by all ages

Zanamivir need to be >7 yr olds

17
Q

Three most common superinfection agents?

A

S pneumo
S aureus
Group A Strep (Pyogenes)

18
Q

When treat pneumonia?

A

Before culture.

Empiric

19
Q

Most common agents of community acquired pneumonia?

A 
M pneumo
Viral
S pneumo
C pneumo
Legionella
20
Q

Empiric treatment for community acquired pneumonia?

A

Doxycycline

or Macrolides

21
Q

Treatment for pneumonia if there are comorbidities?

A

Fluoroquinolones

22
Q

Treatment for MRSA?

A

Vancomycin

Linezolid

23
Q

What can’t you use daptomycin when treating MRSA?

A

It is deactivated by surfactant so not useful for pneumonia

24
Q

Treatment for Pseudomonas?

A

2x meds!

Piperacillin/tazobactam
Cefepime (4th gen)
Imipenem + Cilastatin
Azotreonam

25
Q

Treatment for Klebsiella pneumoniae infection?

A

Colistin-Polymyxin E

Lung (6 decks)

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