Antibiotic prophylaxis Flashcards
What is infective endocarditis?
Infective endocarditis (IE) is an inflammation of the inner tissue of the heart, such as its valves, caused by infectious agents.
What are the two bacteria that cause IE?
Caused by streptococci and staphylococci, from oral and skin sources, respectively
What are risk factors for IE?
- Prosthetic valves, intracardiac devices
- History of IE
- •• Chronic rheumatic heart disease
- Age-related degenerative valvular lesions
- Co-existing conditions – diabetes, HIV and intravenous drug use
When performing standard treatments like probing on ADULT patients with IE, what are the doses for:
- Amoxicillin
- Clindamycin
- Cephalexin
All taken orally 1 hr before surgery
Amoxicillin:
* 2 g
Clindamycin:
* 600 mg
Cephalexin:
* 2 mg
When performing standard treatments like probing on CHILD patients with IE, what are the doses for:
- Amoxicillin
- Clindamycin
- Cephalexin
All taken orally 1 hr before surgery
Amoxicillin:
* 50 mg / kg
Clindamycin:
* 15 mg / kg
Cephalexin:
*50 mg/ kg
When performing general or local anaesthesia on CHILD patients with IE, what are the doses for:
- Amoxicillin
- Clindamycin
Amoxicillin
- Only use when no penicillin allergy
- 50 mg/kg after induction or 30 minutes before
Clindamycin
- Use when penicillin allergy
- 15 mg/ kg via IV over 20 minutes prior to procedure
When performing general or local anaesthesia on ADULT patients with IE, what are the doses for:
- Amoxicillin
- Clindamycin
Amoxicillin
- Only use when no penicillin allergy
- 2 g after induction or 30 minutes prior
Clindamycin
- Use when penicillin allergy
- 600 mg over 20 minutes via IV drips prior to procedure
