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Y2 CLASP > Antibiotic Man & Microman > Flashcards

Antibiotic Man & Microman Flashcards

1
Q

name 5 gram negative coliforms

A

e. coli, klebsiella, proteus, enterobacter, pseudomonas

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2
Q

what antibiotics are used against the foliforms

A

genta or aztreonam

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3
Q

which antibiotics are extended spectrum beta lactamases resistant to

A

penicillins, co-amoxiclav, piperacillin-taxobactam, aztreonam

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4
Q

what antibiotics can be used against extended spectrum beta lactamases

A

temocillin or meropenem

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5
Q

what antibiotics is MRSA resistant to

A

all beta lactam antibiotics

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6
Q

name the beta-lactam antibiotics

A

penicillins, piperacillin-taxobactam, cephalosporins, meropenem, carbopenems

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7
Q

what antibiotic affected against all anerobes

A

metronidazole

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8
Q

what antibiotic group is effective against beta-haemolytic strep

A

penicillins

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9
Q

what are the common infecting organism in epiglottitis and what is the empirical antibiotic of choice

A

haemophilus influenzae and strep. use IV ceftriaxone

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10
Q

what is the likely infecting organism in tonsillitis

A

group A strep

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11
Q

what is the likely infecting organism in sinusitis

A

pneumococcus

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12
Q

what is the likely infecting organism in acute otitis media

A

pneuomoccous, Hib

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13
Q

what is the empirical antibiotic of choice for supraglottitis

A

IV ceftriaxone

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14
Q

why is amoxicillin chosen over penicillin orally

A

better oral absorption

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15
Q

how is community acquired pneumonia categorised

A

mild (CURB65 <3) or severe (CURB65 3+)

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16
Q

what are the common infecting organism in mild community acquired pneumonia and what is the empirical antibiotic of choice

A

pneumoccocus, h. influenzae

PO amoxicillin, PO doxycycline if allergic

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17
Q

what are the common infecting organism in severe community acquired pneumonia and what is the empirical antibiotic of choice

A

pneumococcus, h. influenzae, coliforms, atypicals
IV co-amoxiclav + PO doxy.
IV levofloxacin if allergic

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18
Q

what are the atypical infecting organisms in community acquired pneumonia

A

legionella, mycoplasma, chlamydia, coxiella, s. aureus

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19
Q

who gets s. aureus pneumoniae

A

young patient post viral influenza

20
Q

what investigations are required for community acquired pneumonia

A

acute serology, convalescent serology, blood culture, throat swab, sputum culture, urine for legionella antigen

21
Q

what are the likely infecting organisms in a COPD exacerbation and what is the empirical antibiotic of choice

A

pneumococcus, h. influenzae

PO amoxicillin. allergy: PO doxycycline

22
Q

what are the likely infecting organisms for hospital acquired pneumonias

A

pneumococcus, h. influenzae, coliforms, legionella

23
Q

what is the empirical antibiotic of choice for non-severe hospital acquired pneumonia

A

PO amoxicillin + metronidazole.

allergy: PO co-trimoxazole + metronidazole

24
Q

what is the empirical antibiotic of choice for severe hospital acquired pneumonia

A

IV A+G+M.
Allergy: IV co-trimox + metron + genta
Then PO step down to co-trimox + metron

25
Q

what is the empirical antibiotic of choice for community acquired pneumonia patients in ICU

A

co-amoxiclav + clarithromycin IV

allergy: IV levofloxacin

26
Q

what is the likely infecting organism in acute native valve endocarditis and what is the empirical antibiotic of choice

A

s. aureus, IV fluclox

27
Q

what is the likely infecting organism in subacute / indolent native valve endocarditis and what is the empirical antibiotic of choice

A

s. viridans, enterococci

IV amoxicillin + genta

28
Q

in acute native valve endocarditis how many blood cultures should be taken and how quickly should antibiotics be given

A

2 blood cultures, antibiotics in less than 1 hour

29
Q

in subacute / indolent native valve endocarditis how many blood cultures should be taken and how quickly should antibiotics be given

A

3 blood cultures over 6 hours, then antibiotics

30
Q

what is the likely infecting organism in prosthetic valve endocarditis and what is the empirical antibiotic of choice

A

s. epidermidis

IV vancomycin + PO rifampicin + IV genta

31
Q

what is the empirical antibiotics of choice in suspected MRSA endocarditis

A

IV vancomycin + PO rifampicin + IV genta

32
Q

how long should antibiotics be prescribed for endocarditis and what type of antibiotics should be given

A

IV ABx for 4-6wk

bactericidal

33
Q

how long should you treat s. aureus bacteraemia for and why

A

2wk to prevent endocarditis

34
Q

what antibiotics are used for non-severe and severe c. diff

A

non-severe PO metronidazole

severe PO vancomycin +- IV metronidazole

35
Q

what are the likely infecting organisms and what are the empirical antibiotics of choice for peritonitis, biliary tract sepsis and intra-abdominal infection

A

polymicrobial coliforms, anaerobes, enterococci
IV A+G+M.
Allergy: vanco + genta + metron
Then step down to PO co-trimox + metron

36
Q

what is a complication of e. coli 0157 and what age groups are affected by it

A

haemolytic uraemic syndrome

<5 or >65 years

37
Q

what are the likely infecting organisms in cellulitis and what is the empirical antibiotic of choice

A

s. aureus, group A beta haemolytic strep
IV/PO fluclox
Allergy: doxy

38
Q

what is the likely infecting organisms in acute and in acute on chronic diabetic foot

A

acute: s. aureus

acute on chronic: polymicrobial s. aureus, coliforms, anaerobes

39
Q

what is the empirical antibiotic of choice in mild and severe diabetic foot

A

mild: fluclox
mild with allergy: doxy
severe: fluclox + metron
severe with allergy: doxy + metron

40
Q

when to prescribe antibiotic for a COPD exacerbation

A

only if increased sputum purulence or consolidation on CXR

41
Q

what is the likely infecting organism in septic arthritis and osteomyelitis and what is the empirical antibiotic of choice

A

s. aureus

IV bactericidal fluclox 4-6wk

42
Q

what investigations are required for septic arthritis and osteomyelitis

A

blood culture, joint aspirate/washout, bone sample

43
Q

what antibiotics are given for open fracture prophylaxis

A

IV co-amoxiclav

allergy: IV co-trimox + metron

44
Q

what antibiotics are given for sepsis of unknown source

A

IV A+G+M

allergy: IV vanco + metron + genta

45
Q

what antibiotic is safe in type 1 penicillin allergy

A

aztreonam

46
Q

what antibiotic prophylaxis is given for total hip replacements

A

genta + fluclox 24hr only

47
Q

e. coli 0157 mx

A

supportive only

Y2 CLASP (6 decks)

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