Alcoholism Flashcards
what screening test is used for alcoholism
AUDIT
define harmful use
physical or mental damage due to alcohol persisting for at least 1 month
define alcohol dependence syndrome
>3 of desire/compulsion for alcohol difficulty controlling use persistent use despite evidence of harm substance use >tolerance psychological withdrawal state
management of alcohol withdrawal
vitamins + chlordiazapoxide or diazepam
what vitamins for high and low risk
low risk PO thiamine, high risk IM Pabrinex
when should pharmacological relapse prevention begin
after acute withdrawal
what is pharmacological relapse prevention
acamprostate or disulfiram
other name for disulfiram
antabuse
acamprostate mechanism
decreases alcohol craving
disulfiram mechanism
aversion therapy, inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase
where is aspiration pneumonia most likely
right lower lobe
what is beriberi
B1 thiamine deficiency
long term effect of alcohol on the heart
dilated cardiomyopathy not hypertrophic
general presentation of thiamine deficiency
decreased sensation / weakness in limbs
which arrhythmia is alcoholism a risk factor for
long QT syndrome
what is alcoholic steatosis
triglyceride accumulation in hepatocyte
appearance of alcoholic steatosis on histology
white fat within hepatocytes, Mallory bodies
what vitamin deficiency causes night blindness
vit a
when does delirium tremens occur
2-3 days after last drink
presentation of delerium tremens
sudden hallucination / nervous system change
management of delerium tremens
IV fluid, anticonvulsant, antiemetic, antipsychotic
cause of portal hypertension
cirrhosis
why does alcohol increase cancer risk
acetaldehyde carcinogenic
which cancers is alcohol associated with
oral, pharyngeal, laryngeal, oesophageal, colorectal, hepatocellular carcinoma, breast, pancreatic
what is boerrhave syndrome
gastric rupture
risk factor for alcoholic ketoacidosis
malnutrition
menthol poisoning treatment
ethanol
what is holiday heart syndrome
AF or SVT on > ethanol consumption
commonest cause of methanol poisoning
antifreeze ingestion
pathology of methanol poisoning
acidic metabolites cause toxic acidosis
classification of withdrawal
mild
moderate
severe
what is seen on biochemistry in methanol poisoning
osmolal gap
