Alcohol Related Physiology Flashcards
what borders hepatocytes
space of disse
what embryologic structure is the liver derived from
foregut
what is the role of alcohol dehydrogenase
metabolises alcohol to acetaldehyde
what is the role of aldehyde dehydrogenase
metabolises acetaldehyde to acetate
what is the effect of food on alcohol metabolism
decreases absorption and increases elimination
why do men require more units than women to feel the effects of alcohol
increased blood volume and lower levels of alcohol dehydrogenase
why does repeat drinking increase tolerance
effects sensitivities to neurotransmitters in CNS and increases levels of alcohol dehydrogenase
what effect does alcohol have on hdl
increases it
what short term effect does alcohol have on the heart
negative inotrope
what is 1 unit of alcohol
10ml of pure ethanol
what constitutes binge drinking in men and women
8 units in men
6 units in women
from what age can you drink supervised at home
5 years
what are the alcohol recommendations when breastfeeding
less than 2 units a week
what is the meyer overton rule
link between anaesthetic potency and lipid solubility
can ethanol cross the blood brain barrier
yes
is the glutamate neurotransmitter excitatory or inhibitory
excitatory
is the gama neurotransmitter excitatory or inhibitory
inhibitory
what is the effect of ethanol on glutamate
antagonises
what is the effect of ethanol on gama
agonists
give two examples of cys-loop receptors
acetylcholine ACh, GABA
what are cys loop receptors
pentameric ligand gated ion channels
how are cys loop receptors regulated
intracellular domain phosphorylation
what is bac
blood alcohol concentration
is ggt raised in acute or chronic alcohol excess
acute or chronic
is serum osmolarity raised in acute or chronic alcohol excess
acute
is serum albumin affected in acute or chronic alcohol excess
acute?
is prothrombin time raised in acute or chronic alcohol excess
acute
is ALT raised in acute or chronic alcohol excess
chronic
is mean cell volume affected in acute or chronic alcohol excess
chronic
is blood glucose affected in acute or chronic alcohol excess
acute
is triglycerides raised in acute or chronic alcohol excess
chronic
what does AST stand for
aspartate aminotransferase
what does ALT stand for
alanine aminotransferase
where is ALP produced
liver, bile canaliculi, bone, small intestine, kidneys, placenta
what is the most likely cause of elevated ALP but no other liver markers
bone pathology
what is osmolal gap
diff between measured & calculated osmolarity
what does ALT reflect
liver damage not liver funtion
what is bilirubin formed from
bilverdin
