Antibacterial Agents

Question 0

1) B-lactams drug names , MOA , Uses ?

4 generation of Cephalosporins is the Broadest (-,+)

Answer 0

1) Penicillin + Cephalosporins
2) MOA = block cross bridge formation , causes cell lysis , Bacteriocidal ( kills bacteria )
3) Uses = Gram + cocci ( rod) prefect for staph & strept ( (-) Neisseria gonhorrhea )

Question 1

Most of the Antibiotic Produce by (3) ?

Answer 1

1) Actinobacteria (>50%)
2) Molds
3) Bacillus

Question 2

2) Glycopeptides . Name of the drug , MOA , Uses ?

Answer 2

1) Vancomycin
2) MOA =blocks transglycosylations and transpeptidtion
3) Uses = Gram+ rod , ( last resort MDR staphylococcus aures ) ( when treatment failure would be fatal ( Streptococcal endocarditis )

Question 3

3) Peptides Name of Drug , MOA , Uses ?

Answer 3

1) Bacitracin
2) MOA= Block dephosphorylation of peptidoglycan precursor carrier
3) Uses = Not oral ( Topical against Gram + bacteria )

Question 4

2) inhibitor of protein synthesis
* Block Initiations
- 30 s comp
Aminogycosides

• 70 s ribosome
  Oxazolidinone

Answer 4

Amnioglycoside ( streptomycin - gentamicin , Neomycin , Spectinomycin)

Question 5

Aminogycosides Drugs name , MOA , Uses ?
Block imitations
-30s complx

Answer 5

1) gentimicin , streptomycin , Neomycin , Spectinomycin
2) MOA = Binds to A site . At low [ ] causes misreading mRNA codon . At high [ ] inhibits initiations by blocking 30s initiations complex formation
3) Uses = Primarily Gram (-) bacteria

Question 6

70s Ribosome

Oxazolidinone , MOA , Uses ?

Answer 6

1) MOA = binds to 50s & block assembly of 70s ribosome

2) Uses = Gram(+) Primarily MRSA staphylococcus aures

Question 7

Block Elongations

- Tetracycline , MOA & Uses

Answer 7

1) MOA = Stericslly block aminoacyl-tRNA binding , Bacteriostatic
2) uses = Broadest Spectrum of all antibiotic (-,+, rickettsia, chlamydia )

• Glycyclcycline active against tetracycline R strain

Question 8

Block Elongation

• Chloramphenicol ( very small ) , MOA , uses , toxicity ?

Answer 8

1) Block peptide bound formation on 70s
2) Uses ( 2nd line potential toxicity )
Bacterial meningitis ( Hib ) , typhoid fever
*** toxicity = Aplastic Anaemia

Question 9

Macrolides ( Erythromycin ) MOA , Uses ?

Erthromycin cause GI upset

Answer 9

MOA - stimulate the dissociation of peptidyl-tRNA by Blocking peptide exit tunnel

Uses = Gram + cocci alternative to penicillin

Question 10

Lincosamides ( Clindamycin ) MOA and uses ?

Causes complication from loss of normal flora in GI ( Clostridium difficule )

Answer 10

MOA = stimulate the dissociation of peptidyl-tRNA by Blocking peptide exit tunnel
Uses =
Gram - enterics , Clostridium perfringens , Pneumocytis jirivecii ,
Chloroquine R plasmodium falciparum ( malari )

Question 11

Ketolides , MOA and uses ?

Overcome ery R by Methylation ( MLS)

Answer 11

MOA = inhibit assembly of 50 s subuint like Macrolides

Uses :- active against ery R strains

Question 12

4) Streptogramins MOA and uses ?

1) Dalfopristin ( Type A streptogramins ) 
Block peptide transfer 
2) Quinupristin ( Type B ) 
Increase dissociations of peptidyl-tRNA 
Both of these Act synergistically

Answer 12

Uses ( gram+, some - )
Van R enterococcus faecium
bone and joint infections by MRSA when not responding to other drugs

Question 13

Inhibitor of NA synthesis 
* block DNA replication 
* Block RNA transcript 
* Block Purine Synthesis 
? Name these drugs

Answer 13

1) Quinolones
2) Rifamycin
3: -
- Sulfonomides
- Trimethoprim

Question 14

Quinolones - MOA , Uses ?

Block DNA replication

Answer 14

MOA= inhibits bacterial Topoismoerases and promotes DNA cleavage ( Not resealing Of DNA )
Uses = broadest spectrum drug
( gram -( enterics , Hemophillus , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Neisseria )
Stsph & strep

Question 15

Rifamycins , MOA and Uses ?

Block RNA transcript ( RNA polymerase )
Rifamycin + ampicillin ( meningitis treatment and prevention )

Answer 15

MOA= inhibit B subunit of DNA_ dependent + RNA polymerase

Uses ( Gram + SA implant infec )
Meningitis treatment and prevention
( Hemophilus infulenzae Type B and Neisseria Menigitidis )
Mycobacter ( tuberculosis)

Question 16

Sulfonomides . MOA and uses ?

Block Purine synthesis

Answer 16

MOA =