Antianxiety Flashcards
Chlordiazepoxide; Diazepam
CNS Depressant
Indicated for anti-anxiety, sedation, alcohol W/D, seizures.
Elderly - be wary of TOXICITY. potential for addiction/OD.
Cigarette smoking INCREASES CLEARANCE of this drug
Side effects: lethargy, hangover, RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION, HYPOTENSION. (what is this similar to- parasympathetic stimulation!)
Alprazolam; clonazepam, lorazepam, oxazepam
CNS depressant - safer for elderly; DON’T COMBINE WITH OTHER CNS DEPRESSANTS; monitor RENAL and HEPATIC functions;
Side effects: drowsiness, light-headedness, hypotension, hepatic dysfunction, increased salivation, orthostatic hypotension, memory impairment + confusion
General considerations
don’t combine CNS depressants including alcohol;
don’t discontinue abruptly
potentials for addiction + dependence
Monitor hepatic function!
benzos are also used as ms relaxants, anticonvulsants, sedatives and hypnotics.
may cause anticholinergic effects
Midazolam
CNS Depressant. Use for PRE-OP or TEST- SEDATION,
Side effects: retrograde amnesia, euphoria, hypotension, dysrhythmia, cardiac arrest, respiratory depression
Buspirone
light sedation,/ generalized anxiety - takes 3 weeks to be effective but NO ABUSE POTENTIAL. Used for clients with PREVIOUS ADDICTION.
Avoid alcohol and GRAPEFRUIT JUICE.
Side effects: light-headedness, confusion, hypotension, palpitations
Hydroxyzine
Anxiety relief for indefinite periods - no dependence, tolerance or intoxication!
Kava
Similar to benzos; produces emotional excitability and mild euphoria. DO NOT TAKE IF PREGNANT OR BF OR CHILDREN UNDER 12
Side effects: impaired thinking/motor reflexes, THROMBOCYTOPENIA AND LEUKOCYTOPENIA, dyspnea and pulmonary hypotension
Melatonin
Influences sleep-wake cycles. prevention and tx of jet-lag; can use CAUTIOUSLY with other benzos, contraindicated if HEPATIC INSUFFICIENCY, hx of cebrovascular disease, depression , or neurologic d/o.
Side effects: headache, tachycardia, sedation and confusion
