Anti-Virals, Non-HIV

Question 1

These are active against all strains of influenza A and B

Answer 1

Neuraminidase inhibitors

Question 2

What drug class are neuraminidase inhibitors?

Answer 2

Anti-virals

Question 3

A chain terminator that gets incorporated into viral DNA

Answer 3

Acyclovir triphosphate

Question 4

First step in HIV replication cycle.

Answer 4

HIV virus binds to CD4+ T cell via gp120 protein and chemokine receptors (which are on the T cell) CCR5 and CXCR4.

Question 5

How doe the HIV virus fuse to the host cell?

Answer 5

Leucine zipper mechanism using gp 40.

Question 6

What does the virus release once it’s entered the host cell?

Answer 6

TWO ssRNA
Reverse transcriptase
Integrase
Protease

Question 7

Chemokine receptors on CD4 T cell that bind to HIV virus.

Answer 7

CCR5 and CXCR4

Question 8

What does reverse transcriptase do?

Answer 8

Trasncribes the ssHIV RNA to dsHIV DNA.

Question 9

Components of the Pre-Integration Complex (PIC).

Answer 9

Viral proteins
dsHIV DNA
Integrase

Question 10

What happens once the PIC forms?

Answer 10

PIC enters the nucleus, and Integrase incorporates the viral DNA into the host DNA.

Question 11

HIV genes that are transcribed from the combined viral and host DNA.

Answer 11

gag, gag-pol, and env.

Question 12

Function of protease.

Answer 12

Cleaves gag and gag-pol polypeptides from the transcript.

Question 13

What occurs once protease has cleaved gag and gag-pol polypeptides?

Answer 13

The viral proteins and ssRNA assemble into a virion, and it leaves the cell.

Question 14

How do Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors work?

Answer 14

They’re nucleoside analogs.

They get phosphorylated and incorporated into the growing chain, causing chain termination.

Question 15

A single nucleotide change in reverse transcriptase can cause resistance to this drug.

Answer 15

Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Question 16

Viral turnover of Reverse Transcriptase.

Answer 16

Over 10 billion particles a day.

Question 17

Describe the environment for selection of resistance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

Answer 17

The chances of resistance are high bc Reverse Transcriptase makes 10 billion viruses a day.

Question 18

The first Integrase inhibitor.

Answer 18

Raltegravir

Question 19

The grave for Integrase

Answer 19

Raltegravir

Question 20

This drug is added for “boosting.”

Answer 20

Ritanovir.

Question 21

An “enhancer” that inhibits Cyt P450.

Available in combination with elvitegravir/cobistat/emtricitibine/tenofovir and as a single agent.

Answer 21

Cobicistat

Question 22

How is Hep c spread?

Answer 22

Through the blood.

Question 23

Where does Hep C replicated?

Answer 23

Liver cells (Hepatocytes).

Question 24

Hep C drugs that are NS3 Proteast inhibitors have this in the name.

Answer 24

PR

Ex: bocePRavir, telaPRavir, simePRavir

Question 25

Hep C drugs that are NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors have this in the name.

Answer 25

B

ex: sofosBuvir
dasaBuvir

Question 26

Ns5A-RNA binding and assembly replication complex inhibitors have this in the name.

Answer 26

A

ex: LedipAsvir

daclatAsvir

velpatAsvir

Question 27

A once daily nucleoside analogue used for Hep C.

Answer 27

NS 5B RNA polymerase inhibitor

Question 28

A once daily nucleoside analogue used for Hep C.

Answer 28

NS 5B RNA polymerase inhibitor

sofosbuvir.