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Unit 2 Pharm Drugs > Anti-Malarial > Flashcards

Anti-Malarial Flashcards

1
Q

Infectious Agent

A

Plasmodium genus species:

  1. P. vivax
  2. P. Falciparum
  3. P. malariae
  4. P. ovale
  5. P. knowlesi
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2
Q

Clinical signs of malaria

A
  1. Periodic episodes of chills and fever
  2. Enlarged spleen and liver
  3. Identified parasites in blood smears
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3
Q

Quinine (Qualaquin) MOA

A
  1. Quinolone derivative
  2. Accumulate in parasite’s food vacuole, disrupt heme polymerization to hemozoin, yielding oxidative damage to membranes and digestive proteases
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4
Q

Quinine (Qualaquin) Indications

A
  1. Prophylaxis

2. Treatment of acute malarial attacks

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5
Q

Chloroquine (Aralen) MOA

A
  1. Quinolone derivative
  2. Accumulate in parasite’s food vacuole, disrupt heme polymerization to hemozoin, yielding oxidative damage to membranes and digestive proteases
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6
Q

Chloroquine (Aralen) Indications

A
  1. Prophylaxis

2. Treatment of acute malarial attacks

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7
Q

Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) MOA

A
  1. Quinolone derivative
  2. Accumulate in parasite’s food vacuole, disrupt heme polymerization to hemozoin, yielding oxidative damage to membranes and digestive proteases
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8
Q

Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) Treatments

A
  1. Prophylaxis

2. Treatment of acute malarial attacks

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9
Q

Primaquine (Primaryl) MOA

A

Forms quinolone-quinone intermediates that oxidize schizont membranes

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10
Q

Primaquine (Primaryl) Treatments

A
  1. Prophylaxis

2. Treatment of acute malarial attacks

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11
Q

Primaquine (Primaryl) Side Effects

A
  1. Hemolysis (G6PD)

2. Methemoglobinemias

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12
Q

Chloroquine (Aralen) Side Effects

A
  1. Itching

2. Retinitis

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13
Q

Quinine Side Effects

A
  1. Cinchonism
  2. Hypotension
  3. Hypoglycemia
  4. Abortion
  5. Arrhythmias
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14
Q

Amantadine (Symmetrel) MOA

A

Positive charge helps chloroquine overcome chloroquine-resistant malaria vacuoles; point mutations against amantadine return bacteria to chloroquine-sensitivity

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Unit 2 Pharm Drugs (9 decks)

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