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Unit 2 Pharm Drugs > Adrenergic Receptor Agonists > Flashcards

Adrenergic Receptor Agonists Flashcards

1
Q

Physiologic Effect at Alpha 1 Receptors

A
  1. Vasoconstriction (most smooth muscle responds to alpha 1 stimulation by constriction)
  2. Increased peripheral resistance
  3. Increased blood pressure
  4. Affects arterioles in skin, mucosa, viscera, kidneys, veins, uterus, and spleen
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2
Q

Physiologic Effect at Alpha 2 Receptors

A
  1. Inhibition of NE release and ACh release
  2. Inhibition of insulin release
  3. Affects presynaptic nerve endings and postsynaptic nerves in CNS
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3
Q

Physiologic Effect at Beta 1 Receptors

A
  1. Primarily affects the heart and kidneys
  2. Tachycardia
  3. Increased lipolysis
  4. Increased myocardial contractility
  5. Increased renin release
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4
Q

Physiologic Effect at Beta 2 Receptors

A
  1. Affects arterioles/arteries, bronchial muscle, pregnant uterus
  2. Vasodilation
  3. Slightly decreased peripheral resistance
  4. Bronchodilation
  5. Increased muscle and liver glycogenolysis
  6. Increased release of glucagon
  7. Relax uterine smooth muscle
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5
Q

Physiologic Effect at Dopamine 1 Receptors

A
  1. Dilates renal, splanchnic, and cerebral arterioles and increases blood flow to kidneys and other viscera
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6
Q

Norepinephrine (Levophed) Class

A

Non-selective agonist

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7
Q

Norepinephrine MOA

A

Agonist: α1, α2, β1

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8
Q

Norepinephrine Effects

A

Alpha 1: vasoconstriction and increased bp

Beta 1: Increased hr, conduction, and contractility

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9
Q

Norepinephrine Indications

A

Restore bp in acute hypotension or during cardiac arrest

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10
Q

Alpha Agonist Uses

A
  1. Control hemorrhage
  2. Contain local anesthetic
  3. Nasal decongestant
  4. Allergic (anaphylactic) shock
  5. Glaucoma
  6. Hypotension
  7. Shock
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11
Q

Norepinephrine Side Effects

A
  1. Hypertension
  2. Arrhythmias
  3. Headache
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12
Q

Epinephrine Class

A

Non-selective agonist

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13
Q

Epinephrine MOA

A

Agonist: α1, (α2), β1, β2

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14
Q

Epinephrine Indications

A
  1. Control hemorrhage
  2. Hypotension
  3. Shock
  4. Allergic reaction
  5. Cardiac Arrest
  6. AV Block
  7. Glaucoma
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15
Q

Epinephrine Effects

A
  1. Alpha 1: vasoconstriction and increased bp
  2. Beta 1: Increased heart rate and contractivilty
  3. Beta 2: vasodilation, decreased diastolic pressure, bronchodilation
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16
Q

Epinephrine Side Effects

A
  1. Palpitations
  2. Arrhythmias
  3. Headache
  4. Tremors
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17
Q

Amphetamine and Dextroamphetamine Class

A

Indirect Acting Agonist, CNS Stimulant

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18
Q

Amphetamine and Dextroamphetamine MOA

A

Increase amount of catecholamines in synaptic cleft by releasing intracellular stores of NE, dopamine, and seratonin

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19
Q

Amphetamine and Dextroamphetamine Effects

A
  1. Increased alertness
  2. Decreased fatigue
  3. Decreased appetite
  4. Insomnia
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20
Q

Amphetamine and Dextroamphetamine Side Effects

A

Though to be the result of adrenergic activity

  1. Vertigo
  2. HTN
  3. Confusion
  4. Nausea
  5. Diarrhea
  6. Insomnia
  7. Anxiety
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21
Q

Amphetamine and Dextroamphetamine Indications

A 
Amphetamine
1. Narcolepsy
2. Recreation
Dextroamphetamine
1. ADHD
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22
Q

Phenylephrine (Neo-synephrine) Class

A

α1-selective α agonist

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23
Q

Phenylephrine (Neo-synephrine) MOA

A

Agonist: α1

24
Q

Phenylephrine (Neo-synephrine) Indications

A
  1. Nasal and ocular decongestant
  2. Treatment of drug induced hypotension
  3. Diet aids
25
Q

Phenylephrine Side Effects

A
  1. HTN

2. Reflex bradycardia

26
Q

Clonidine (Catapres) Class

A

α2-selective α agonist

27
Q

Clonidine (Catapres) MOA

A

Agonist: CNS α2, decreases sympathetic outflow from vasomotor center

28
Q

Clonidine (Catapres) Indications

A
  1. HTN
  2. Prevents withdrawal syndrome from opioids and alcohol
  3. Shock
29
Q

Clonidine (Catapres) Side Effects

A
  1. Sedation

2. Retention of salt and water

30
Q

α-methyldopa (Aldomet) Class

A

α2-selective α agonist

31
Q

α-methyldopa (Aldomet) MOA

A

Metabolite (a-methylnorepinephrine) activates CNS a2 receptors

32
Q

α-methyldopa (Aldomet) Indications

A
  1. Hypertension
33
Q

α-methyldopa (Aldomet) Side Effects

A
  1. Sedation
34
Q

Isoproteranol (Isuprel) Class

A

Non-selective β agonist

35
Q

Isoproteranol (Isuprel) MOA

A

Agonist: β1, β2
Beta 1: Increased heart rate, conduction, and contractility
Beta 2: vasodilation and dec diastolic BP, bronchodilation

36
Q

Isoproteranol (Isuprel) Indications

A
  1. Cardiac Arrest
  2. AV Block
  3. Shock
37
Q

Isoproteranol (Isuprel) Side Effects

A
  1. Palpitations
  2. Arrhythmias
  3. Headache
  4. Tremor
38
Q

Dobutamine (Dobutrex) Class

A

β1-selective β agonist

39
Q

Dobutamine (Dobutrex) MOA

A

Agonist: β1

Increases cardiac contractility, cardiac output, and heart rate

40
Q

Dobutamine (Dobutrex) Indications

A
  1. Cardiogenic shock
  2. Acute CHF
  3. Heart Block
41
Q

Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin) Class

A

β2-selective β agonist

42
Q

Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin) MOA

A

Agonist: β2

Relaxes bronchial, uterine, and vascular smooth muscle

43
Q

Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin) Indications

A
  1. Prevent or treat bronchospasm
  2. Mild exercise-induced asthma
  3. COPD
44
Q

Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin) Side Effects

A
  1. Tachycardia
  2. Tremors
  3. May mask progressively more severe inflammation
45
Q

Terbutaline (Breathine) MOA

A

Adrenergic receptor agonist

46
Q

Terbutaline (Breathine) Therapeutics

A

Prevent or reverse exercise induced bronchospasm, mild asthma, COPD, early labor

47
Q

Terbutaline (Breathine) SE

A
  1. Can mask progressively severe inflammation

2. Tachycardia, muscle tremor

48
Q

Terbutaline (Breathine) Misc

A

10-15 minutes to take action, 6-12 hours (max) of duration; nebulizer delivers more, but greater side effects; oral is least effective (requires more dose –> side effects); can be used night symptoms, but not ideal

49
Q

Fenoldopam (Corlopam) MOA

A

Agonist, D1 receptor only

50
Q

Fenoldopam (Carlopam) Therapeutics

A

Increase blood flow at renal, mesenteric, and cerebral arteries

51
Q

Fenoldopam (Carlopam) Misc

A

~ 10 minute half life

52
Q

Dopamine MOA

A

Agonist at D1, alpha 1, and Beta 1 receptors

53
Q

Dopamine Therapeutics

A

Shock, renal failure, hypotension

54
Q

Dopamine SE

A

Vasoconstriction at high doses

55
Q

Dopamine Misc

A

Low dose = Direct @ D1 Receptors
Medium dose = Direct @ Beta 1, some Indirect
High dose = Direct @ Alpha 1, some Indirect

Unit 2 Pharm Drugs (9 decks)

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