Anti-inflammatory Drugs and DMARDS Flashcards
Anti-inflammatory drugs
Inhibit the cyclooxygenase [COX]
COX
Responsible for the formation of prostaglandin
Function of prostaglandins
Pain and inflammation
COX - 1
Protective lining of the stomach
COX-2
Pain and inflammation
Non selective NSAIDS
Inhibit both COX-1 and 2
Examples of non-selective NSAID
- Aspirin
- Ibuprofen
- Ketoprofen
- Naproxen
- Mefenamic Acid
Side effects of Non-selective NSAIDS
- Gastric upset
- gastric ulceration
- gatric bleeding
Selective NSAID
- Inhibit COX-2; spared COX-1
- COX-2 NSAID
Side effect of selective NSAID
- Cardiac Arrest
- Stroke
COX-1
Protective lining of the stomach
Thromboxane (cox-1)
- increases the activity of platelets
Prostaclyclin (cox-2)
- for vasodilation
- inhibit platelet aggregation in the corpnary artery and carotid artery
Corticosteroids/Glucocorticoids
- endogenous steroids (androgen and cortisol)
- stimulates the leukocytes and macrophages
Examples of corticosteroids
- cortisone
- prednisone
- prednisolone
Side effects of corticosteroids
- brittle bones (decreases the breaking down of Vit D)
- osteoporosis
- risk to fracture
Bestra (Cox-2 NSAID)
Banned in states
SE: cardiac effects
Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic drugs
Goal: chronic inflammation and prevent bone destruction
- decreases the activity in the immune system
Examples of DMARDS
- Methotrexate
- Leflunomide
- Anakinra
- Azathioprine
SE of DMARDS
- SOB
- nausea/vomitting
- distress
- infection
