Anti-histamines

Question 1

What is histamine synthesized from?

Answer 1

L-histidine

Question 2

Once histamine is formed, what happens?

Answer 2

Once histamine is formed it is either stored or rapidly inactivated

Question 3

The bound form of histamine is biologically inactive. Where is histamine bound?

Answer 3

Histamine is bound in mast cells or basophils

Question 4

Where are mast cells found? 6

Answer 4

1. nose
2. mouth
3. feet
4. internal body surfaces
5. blood vessels
6. stored in enterchromafin-like cell of the fundus of the stomach

Question 5

When do mast cells and basophils degranulate?

Answer 5

Mast cells and basophils degranulate with sensitized with IgE antibodies the appropriate antigen

Question 6

Describe the MOA of H1 activation

Answer 6

contraction of smooth muscle

Question 7

Describe the MOA of H2 activation

Answer 7

Gastric acid secretion

Question 8

Describe the MOA of H3 activation

Answer 8

Decrease transmitter release

Question 9

Describe the MOA of H4 activation

Answer 9

In bone marrow and blood cells: pro-inflammatory activity

Question 10

Look over the physiological effects of histamine

Answer 10

Question 11

Describe the characteristics of first generation H1 receptor antagonists

Answer 11

strongly sedating and block autonomic responses

Question 12

Describe the characteristics of second generation H1 receptor antagonists

Answer 12

less sedating, some cardiotoxicity

Question 13

Describe the characteristics of third generation H1 receptor antagonists

Answer 13

Non-sedating, no cardiotoxicity, stable amines