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Pharmacology > ANS Parasympathetic Drugs > Flashcards

ANS Parasympathetic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Describe Pilocarpine

A
  1. Name: Pilocarpine
  2. MOA: muscarinic agonist
  3. Therapeutic uses: Glaucoma
  4. S/E: blurred vision, painful eye, night blindness and headache
  5. Administration: topical (opthalmic)
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2
Q

Neostigmine

A
  1. Neostigmine
  2. Reversible Ach-E inhibitor
  3. To reverse neuromuscular blocker effects/ myasthenia gravis
  4. Cholinergic crisis ( give atropine/ glycopyrolate)
  5. IM, SC or IV
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3
Q

Pyridostigmine

A
  1. Pyridostigmine
  2. Reversible Ach-E inhibitor
  3. Chronic myasthenia gravis
  4. Cholinergic crisis
  5. Oral
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4
Q

Physostigmine

A
  1. Physostigmine
  2. Reversible Ach-E inhibitors
  3. Increased intestinal and bladder motility
  4. Convulsions, bradycardia, decreased cardiac output, paralysis of skeletal muscle
    5.
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5
Q

Edrophonium

A
  1. Edrophonium
  2. Reversible Ach-E inhibitor
  3. To diagnose myasthenia gravis
  4. Cholinergic crisis
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6
Q

Tacrine, donepezil and rivastigmine

A
  1. Tacrine, rivastigmine and donepezil
  2. Reversible Ach-E inhibitors
  3. Alzheimers disease
  4. Tacrine hepatotoxicity, GI distress
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7
Q

Describe the PK of atropine?

A
  1. Short half life (4hrs); except eye >72 hours
  2. High affinity for muscarinic receptors, binds competitively (reversible)
  3. Tissues most sensitive to atropine include: bronchial, salivary and sweat glands
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8
Q

What are the therapeutic uses of atropine? 5

A
  1. In ophthalmology: refractive errors. To produce mydriasis and cycloplegia prior to refraction
  2. Antispasmodic: to treat spastic disorders of the GI and lower UTI
  3. Anti-secretory: to suppress respiratory secretions prior to surgery
  4. Cardiovascular: bradycardia
  5. Antidote for organophosphate poisoning and mushroom poisoning
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9
Q

Describe atropine in general

A
  1. Atropine
  2. Muscarinic anatagonis
  3. Opthamology, antispasmodics of GI and lower UTI, reduce bronchiopulmonary secretions prior to surgery, brachycardia, organophosphate poisoning
  4. Dry mouth, blurred vision, sandy eyes, tachycardia, urinary retention and constipation
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10
Q

Describe scopolamine

A
  1. Scopolamine
  2. Muscarinic antagonist: motion sickness, anti nausea
  3. Motion sickness, reduces vertigo and reduces post op nausea
  4. Marked CNS effects: xerostomia, sedation and delirium
  5. Motion sickness: transdermal patch, post op IM
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11
Q

Describe hyoscine and dicyclomine

A
  1. Hyoscine and dicyclomine
  2. Muscarinic antagonist: ibs, antispasmodic
  3. Reduces smooth muscle and secretory activity of the gut
  4. Tachycardia, confusion, urinary retention, intraocular pressure
  5. Oral and parenteral
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12
Q

Describe ipratopium, bromide and tiotropium

A
  1. Ipratopium, bromide and tiotrpium
  2. Muscarinic antagonist: Asthma COPD
  3. Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle
  4. Xerostomia, cough
  5. Inhaler
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13
Q

Describe glycopyrrolate

A
  1. Glycopyrrolate
  2. Muscarinic antagonist: sialorrhea/ diminished salivary secretions
  3. Decrease salivary and bronchial secretions
  4. IV
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14
Q

Describe ophthalmology atropine

A
  1. Atropine (opthalmic)
  2. Muscarinic antagonist: retinal exams
  3. Mydriasis and cyclop
  4. Increased intraocular pressure
  5. Eye drops
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15
Q

Describe tropicamide and cyclopentolate

A
  1. Tropicamide and cyclopentolate
  2. Muscarinic antagonist: produce mydriasis and cycloplegia prior to refraction
  3. Mydriasis and cycloplegia
  5. Eye drops, tropicamide (short acting), cyclopentolate (long acting)
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16
Q

Describe atropine (cholinergic poisoning)

A
  1. Atropine
  2. Muscarinic antagonist: antidote to organophosphate poisoning
  3. Blocks muscarinic excess at exocrine glands, heart and smooth muscle
  5. I.v and IM
17
Q

Describe trihexyphenidyl biperiden and biperiden

A
  1. Trihexyphenidyl and biperiden
  2. Muscarinic antagonist : parkinsons
  3. Improves tremor
  4. Oral trihexyphenidyl; biperiden IM, IV and biperdin
18
Q

Describe oxybutinin, darifenacin and tolterodine

A
  1. Oxybutinin, darifenacin and tolteradine
  2. Muscarinic antagonist: enuresis (overactive bladder)
  3. Reduces detrusor muscle tone, spasms
  4. Tachycardia, constipation, xerostomia, intraocular pressure
  5. Oral

Pharmacology (13 decks)

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