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Pharm 2 > Anti-epileptics > Flashcards

Anti-epileptics Flashcards

1
Q

Phenytoin

A

Tx: Gran mal and others NOT petit mal

Mech:

  • Inh. Na channels in brain
  • Slows recovery rate of neuron
  • Generally not a CNS depressant

Pharmakokinetics:

  • Low TI

Toxicity:

  • Acute
    • Resp. depression
    • Cardiovascular collapse
    • Nausea
    • Ataxia
  • Chronic
    • Gingival hyperplasia
    • Vestibular effects
      • Diplopia
      • Ataxia
      • Blurred Vision
  • Some sedation
  • Teratogenic-fetal hydantoin syndrome
  • Life threatening rash-Stevens Johnson syndrome

Induces P450

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2
Q

Carbamazepine

A

Tx: DOC for partial seizures

Mech: Inhibits on Na channels

Toxicity:

  • Blurred vision + diplopia
  • Drowsiness
  • Fetal defects-spina bifida
  • Aplastic anemia (abnormality of RBC)
  • Induces P450
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3
Q

Phenobarbital

A

Tx: All seizures EXCEPT petit mal

Class: Barbituate

Mech: Act. GABA

SE:

  • Sedation
  • Induces P450
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4
Q

Diazepam

A

Tx: Seizures

Class: Benzos

Mech: GABA

IV to treat status epilepticus

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5
Q

Acetazolamide

A

Tx: Seizures

Mech: May increase CO2 in brain→Decrease activity

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6
Q

Ethosuximide

A

Tx: DOC for petit mal seizures

Mech: Inhibit Ca channels in CNS

SE:

  • GI upset
  • Drowsiness
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7
Q

Sodium Valproate

A

Tx: All seizures including Petit mal seizures

Mech:

  • Decrease GABA breakdown
  • Increase GABA synth
  • Act on Na and Ca channels

Toxicity:

  • GI upset
  • CNS sedation-tremors
  • Potentially fatal hepatitis
  • Fetal damage-drop in IQ
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8
Q

Topiramate

A

Tx: Partial seizures

Mech: Act. GABA

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9
Q

Gabapentin

A

Tx: Partial seizures

Mech: Act GABA

GABApentin

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10
Q

Tiagabine

A

Tx: Partial seizures

Mech: Act GABA

Tiagabine

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11
Q

Vigabatrin

A

Tx: Partial seizures

Mech: Act GABA

ViGABAtrin

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12
Q

Lamotrigine

A

Tx: Partial seizures

Mech: Inh. Na

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13
Q

Zonisamide

A

Tx: Partial seizures

Mech: Inh. Na

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14
Q

Rufinamide

A

Tx: Partial seizures

Mech: Inh. Na

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15
Q

Lacosamide

A

Tx: Partial seizures

Mech: Inh. Na

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16
Q

Pregabalin

A

Tx: Partial seizures

Mech: Acts on Ca channels

17
Q

Ezogabine

A

Tx: Partial seizures

Mech: Open K channel

18
Q

Perampanel

A

Tx: Partial seizures

Mech: Blocks glutamate

19
Q

Levetiracetam

A

Tx: Partial seizures

Mech: Unknown

20
Q

Tx of Status Epilepticus

A

Diazepam IV

Class: Benzos

Mech: Act. GABA

Lower efficacy but higher TI than barbituates

High dose of phenobarbital would kill them

Pharm 2 (8 decks)

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