Anti-elipleptics flash Flashcards
What is the drug class of phenytoin?
Agents used to treat Gran Mal and partial seizures
What is the mechanism of action of phenytoin?
Inhibits sodium channels
What are side effects of phenytoin?
Acute - respiratory depression, vertigo, ataxia, gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism, ataxia, diplopia, sedation
What is the drug class of carbamazepine?
Used for partial seizures except petit mal
What is the mechanism of action of carbamazepine?
Inhibits sodium channels
What are side effects of carbamazepine?
Visual effects, drowsiness, fetal defects (spinal bifida)
What is the drug class of phenobarbital?
Barbiturate used to treat all seizures but petit mal
What is the mechanism of action of phenobarbital?
Activates GABAergic neurons - strong sedative and induces p450
What is the drug class of diazepam?
Benzodiazepine used to treat seizures.
What is the mechanism of action of diazepam?
Activate GABA neurons
What is the mechanism of acetazolamide?
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
What drugs are used to treat petit mal?
Ethosuximide and sodium valproate
What is the DOC for petit mal seizures?
Ethosuximide
What is the mechanism of action of ethosuximide?
Ca2+ channel inhibition
What type of seizures is sodium valproate used for?
All seizure types
What is the mechanism of action of sodium valproate?
Act on Na+/Ca++ channels. Decrease GABA metabolism and increase GABA synthesis
What are the drugs used to treat partial seizures which act by increasing GABA?
Topiramate, gabapentin, tiagabine, vigabatrin
What are the drugs used to treat partial seizures which act on Na+ channels?
Lamotrigine, zonisamide, rufinamide, lacosamide.
What is the drug class of pregabalin?
Used to treat partial seizures
What is the mechanism of action of pregabalin?
Blocks Ca2+ channels
What is the drug class of ezogabine?
Agents used to treat partial seizures
What is the mechanism of action of exogabine?
Blocks Ca2+ channels
What drug is used to treat status epilepticus?
Diazepan is DOC
