Anti Coagulants

Question 1

What is fibrinolysis?

Answer 1

The enzymatic breakdown of the fibrin in blood clots

Question 2

What is the difference between 1ary and 2ary fibrinolysis?

Answer 2

The primary type is a normal body process, whereas secondary fibrinolysis is the breakdown of clots due to a medicine, a medical disorder, or some other cause.

Question 3

How is fibrin dissolved?

Answer 3

Plasminogen converted to plasmin by tPA (tissue plasminogen activator)

Plasmin degrades the fibrin clot and intact fibrinogen to soluble fibrin / fibrinogen degradation products (FDP)

Question 4

What are other effects of plasmin?

Answer 4

Plasmin also inactivates factors Va and VIIIa (as do Protein C and Protein S)

Question 5

What is tPA produced by?

Answer 5

Endothelial cells

Question 6

What is function of protein C and S?

Answer 6

Natural substances in the blood that help to prevent blood clotting.

Protein C primarily inactivates coagulation factors Va and VIIIa, which are required for factor X activation and thrombin generation.

Protein S serves as a cofactor to enhance catalytic activity of protein C. Protein S inactivates factor Va and factor VIIIa.

This function is carried out directly by protein C, and protein S serves as a cofactor.

Question 7

Where are protein C and S synthesised?

Answer 7

Liver

Question 8

What are protein C and S dependent on?

Answer 8

Vitamin K dependent

Question 9

How is protein C zymogen activated?

Answer 9

By thrombin